Study On Planning And Design Of Ecological Landscape Coal Mining Subsidence Area In Southwest Of Shandong

Coal mining subsidence area is caused by underground coal mining surface subsidence.The formation of subsidence area not only causes soil erosion,biodiversity decline,land loss of farming capacity and other problems,but also seriously restricts urban construction and economic development.It is a way to develop resource-based cities to exploit and utilize the subsidence area reasonably and make it play a good role in ecological landscape.There are many ways to control the subsidence area,mainly including land reclamation,construction and reuse,landscape reconstruction,etc.Among them,the ecological landscape planning and construction is a comprehensive management mode that integrating multiple management methods,has been applied to the treatment and construction of coal mining subsidence area as a main form with its good adaptability and ecological,economic and social benefits.This paper expounds the research background and clarifies the purpose and significance of ecological landscape planning in coal mining subsidence areas.Through literature review and data collection,this article summarizes the characteristics,classification and impact of coal mining subsidence areas.Taking the ecological landscape as the starting point,this paper explores the application of ecological landscape planning mode in the treatment of coal mining subsidence area,and divides it into three types: industrial landscape planning mode,agricultural landscape planning mode and wetland landscape planning mode,and summarizes the development and research results of ecological landscape planning in coal mining subsidence area at home and abroad.This paper analyzes and summarizes the relevant cases at home and abroad through field research,literature review,data access and other methods.Mainly including Jining Xingsheng Park,Tangshan Nanhu City Central Ecological Park,Huainan Shungengshan Wetland Park,Huaibei Nanhu Wetland Park,Huaibei Tanguhu park,Gelsenkirxin North Star Park.Through the analysis of the overall planning,ecological landscape features,plant configuration and other aspects of the case,the article summarizes the basic methods of ecological landscape planning and design in coal mining subsidence areas based on the theory of restoration ecology,landscape ecology and regional landscape.The methods mainly include site analysis and evaluation,ecological engineering measures,determination of theme form,planning layout and zoning,vertical design,plant landscape design,characteristic landscape construction,scheme review and demonstration.Based on the field investigation and analysis of coal mining subsidence area in Pengzhuang mining area of Yuncheng County,this article completes the planning and design of the Yuncheng Penghu Urban Wetland Park.The paper classifies the subsidence area and makes planning and design based on the characteristics of different areas.Yuncheng Penghu Urban Wetland Park has created a spatial layout model of "one ring,two axes,five areas and multiple points",which meets the functional needs of urban wetland parks.In the severe mining subsidence area,waterscape landscaping treatment is carried out,and biological habitat is created;in the moderate mining subsidence area,gangue backfilling,plant ecological restoration and other technologies are used to create ecological experience area,with bird watching platform,ecological education hall,rain gardens,green island and other scenic spots;in the mining subsidence area,tourist activity area is set,and ecological conservation forest is built in the area with relatively stable site geology.Pengzhuang mining subsidence area will be built into a Yuncheng Penghu Urban Wetland Park which integrates ecological conservation,eco-tourism,wetland ecological science and education publicity,to realize the stability and development of regional ecological landscape.