Research On City Accessibility Calculation And Its Impact On Economy Under High-speed Railway Mode

Since the reform and opening up,China’s transportation infrastructure has undergone tremendous changes,its technological level has been increasing,and its comprehensive transportation capacity has been significantly enhanced.A comprehensive transportation network has been formed mainly by railway,highway,water,and air transportation.With the continuous improvement of the transportation network,the space-time distance between cities has been greatly shortened,and urban traffic accessibility has been continuously improved.Transportation is the link between economic activities in various links such as social production,distribution,exchange and consumption.The improvement of accessibility plays a vital role in the development of a region.In recent years,the rapid development of high-speed railways has changed the way in which the unification of passenger and freight has affected the economy in the past.The Northeast region has been under great downward pressure,and the economic growth has slowed down significantly.At the same time,the phenomenon of urban shrinkage has become increasingly apparent and has attracted widespread attention.On this basis,this article first builds a comprehensive reachability calculation model from the perspectives of passenger reachability and freight reachability,and calculates and analyzes the actual reachability of 34 prefecture-level cities in Northeast China from 2010 to 2019;Then based on the panel data from 2010 to 2017,we empirically study the overall impact of accessibility on the urban economy by establishing a spatial econometric model from the whole region.Finally,based on the variable coefficient panel data model,we conducted a classification study on the impact of accessibility on different urban economies..The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The accessibility of prefecture-level cities in the three provinces of NortheastChina shows the spatial pattern of the highest reachability of cities along the Harbin-Dalian route,and its outward spread gradually decreases.The comprehensive accessibility of the fringe cities in the northeast of Heilongjiang is the worst.Among them,from 2010 to 2012,with the formation of the backbone network of expressways in the Northeast,the speed of railway lines in the region increased,and accessibility was greatly improved.(2)From the perspective of passenger accessibility and freight accessibility,the improvement of freight accessibility in the prefecture-level cities in the three provinces of Northeast China has a greater impact on economic development than passenger accessibility;The average improvement rate is 38.41%,which is higher than the average improvement rate of freight accessibility of 6.57%.(3)The impact of increased accessibility on economic development has a space spillover effect.The increase in accessibility will not only affect the economic development of the city,but also affect the economic development of nearby cities.Development has a positive impact.In terms of comprehensive accessibility,traffic accessibility increased by 1%,and economic development increased by 1.24%.Among them,the accessibility increased by 1%,the economic development of the city increased by 0.93%,and the economic development level of the nearby cities increased by 0.32%.The impact of the increased accessibility on economic development was 74.4% in the city and 25.6% in the nearby cities.(4)The increase in accessibility does not necessarily positively affect economic development,but also relates to the actual development of the city itself.For some cities that have low accessibility and are far away from regional centers,the increase in accessibility may exacerbate population loss and lead to economic decline.