Analysis And Research In The Nuclear Emergency System In China

After the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident a lot of international agencies propose some improvement suggestions and requirements to enhancementnuclear emergency preparedness and response and severe accidentmitigation.Nuclear regulatorybodyin Chinaalso issued general technical requirement for post Fukushima nuclear power plant improvement action.In the Chinesenational’s 12^th and 13^th five-year nuclear safety and radioactive pollution prevention plan and vision target also point to need to improving the nuclear accident emergency management system,strengthening theemergency rescue team and nuclear emergency technical support system and other specific requirements.All of these show that the nuclear emergency preparedness and response capacity building are very important for CHINA.The purpose and significance of this paper is that through analyzes the main problems of Chinese nuclear emergency organization system,nuclear emergency law,standard,guideline,nuclear emergency preparedness and response,nuclear emergency oversight and exercise assessment to find out after Fukushima accident nuclear regulatory body and nuclear power plant licensee how to improvement nuclear emergency preparedness and response plan,put forward suggestions for modify relevant laws and regulations,improvement suggestions for nuclear emergency oversight and exercise assessment,the improvement suggestions for building nuclear emergency capabilities.To improve the nuclear emergency preparedness and response capacity and the capability of nuclear accident emergency supervision.This paperis to analyze the improvement requirements of the relevant organizations after the Fukushima nuclear accident,and to summarize and analyze the existing problems and put forward the suggestions for improvement,combined with China’s actual situation and improvement action.In this paper,studying related literature,field visit and emergency drill observation,comparative analysis and other methods have been taken,referred to the improvement requirements documents after Fukushima nuclear accident,combined with the status of China’s nuclear power plant emergency response Personnel,regional nuclear and radiation safety supervision station supervisors,and on-site observation of nuclear power plant nuclear emergency drill,so as to identify problems,analyze and summarize,put forward improvement proposals for China’s nuclear emergency preparedness,response and supervision.China’s nuclear power plant nuclear emergency preparedness and response system is divided into national government level,local government level and nuclear power plant site level,and has formed a relatively perfect management system,nuclear emergency preparedness and response activities are carried out under the guidance of the regulations and the standards,the emergency preparedness and response plan,and related procedures.The nuclear safety supervision department regulates the nuclear emergency work of nuclear power plant.At the same time,there are still some problems in China’s nuclear emergency preparedness and response system,a step-by-step solution is needed.In this paper through studying international organization’s related nuclear emergency preparedness and response standards and reports;relevant laws and regulations and standards concerning nuclear emergency preparedness and response in China;domestic nuclear emergency related literature;nuclear power plant licensee and nuclear regulatory body’s procedures to summarizes the problems of regulations,standards and procedures in China.Through participate most of the nuclear power plants site emergency drills as observers,interview with nuclear power plant licensee’s emergency preparedness staff and regulatory body’s staff,summarizes the problems existing in the emergency drills,the problems of emergency management in the regulatory body and the problems of the licensee.Then specific recommendations have been put forward to improve laws,regulations and standards and other related preparedness and response area.The recommendations such as need to develop a periodic review and update system to assure the laws and regulations and standards can be updated in time,need to refine the requirements for specific monitoring responsibility and capacity building in the regulatory body,need to establishment a qualification system for emergency preparedness staff,need to develop a unified performance assessment criteria and assessment form for nuclear emergency preparedness and response.