| Sanjiangyuan National Park located in the interior of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,the "third pole" of the world,is a major source of fresh water supply in China and maintains the lifeblood of ecological security even Asia.As Chinese first national park,its construction has achieved remarkable results,which are another important embodiment of the mainstream of ecological diversity protection system and the "Chinese model" of national parks.For a long time,the matchless natural resources and the weak social and economic foundation in the park have been interdependent and restricted,and the healthy and coordinated operation of the social ecology system is crucial for the sustainable development and ecological security of the region.At present,the research foundation of comprehensive evaluation and internal mechanism of national parks is relatively weak in the critical period of national park construction and natural reserve system optimization in China.Based on the theory system of socio-ecological system and sustainable development,this paper summarized the evolution process and characteristics of relevant ecological protection policies in the Sanjiangyuan region.We will construct a comprehensive evaluation system for sustainable development covering two sub-systems of socio-economic and ecoenvironmental with 17 quantitative indicators.Subjective and objective combination Entropy-AHP synthesis is used to determine the index weight,based on remote sensing image data and relevant statistical data to get sustainable development index.Introducing the coupling coordination degree model and the disorder degree of model,analyzing the interaction mechanism of social-ecological system,screening influence both the sub-system main control factors of sustainable development.The aim is to contribute to the sustainable development of social ecology system in Sanjiangyuan National Park and provide reference for the construction of Chinese national park system.（1）According to the goals and effects of ecological protection policies in the Sanjiangyuan region,such as protected land system,major ecological projects and relevant policies for the benefit of the people,this paper divides the period from 2000 to now into three stages: The initial stage from 2000 to 2010,the development stage from 2010 to 2015 and the optimization stage from 2016 to 2021.At the same time,the characteristics of different underground protection systems and mechanisms,functional positioning,institutional systems and the increasingly changing roles are summarized.（2）With the continuous promotion of the task of national park system construction,the sustainable development level of Sanjiangyuan National Park has been significantly improved,but the overall level still needs to improve.The relatively low value area of sustainable development index is mainly distributed in the Yellow River source regions,and the relatively high value area is in the Yangtze River source regions.The background value of each country increased by more than 50% in 2005,and increased greatly in the optimization stage.Generally,the sustainable development level of Lancang River source regions and Yangtze River source regions is the most obvious,and the comprehensive sustainable development index of the county has a large increase.（3）From 2005 to 2020,the sustainable development level of socio-economic and eco-environmental sub-systems in Sanjiangyuan National Park increased.In the optimization stage（2015-2020）of the national park system,the level of sustainable development of the socio-economic sub-system has been much improved,and the gap between different counties has begun to appear.In the evaluation stage,the sustainable development level of the eco-environmental sub-system showed an overall increase trend,but some areas showed a slight decline trend from 2010 to 2020.In the followup,the concept of harmonious coexistence between hunman and nature should be upheld to ensure the long-term development of the project,for promoting the steady improvement of the sustainable development level of Sanjiangyuan National Park.（4）2005-2020,the county level social ecology coupling showed a trend of small amplitude increase and are in a high level of coupling phase,indicate that two subsystems of socio-economic and eco-environmental interaction strength is larger,social ecology system coordinated progress is vital for regional sustainable development.The level of social ecology coupling coordination at the country-level in the park increased from moderate imbalance level in 2005 to low imbalance level from 2010 to 2020,but it is still at a low level,and the development of socio-economic and ecological environment system is unbalanced.（5）The number of tertiary industry employees,population density and added value of the primary industry are the main obstacles to the sustainable development of the social and economic system in Sanjiangyuan National Park,which indicates that there are some problems in the study area,such as unbalanced population distribution and urgent industrial transformation and upgrading.Biodiversity maintenance function net primary productivity and water conservation are the major obstacles to sustainable development of ecological environment system.Under the principle of ecological protection first,it is of great significance to stimulate endogenous power to promote industrial transformation and upgrading for the maintenance and stable improvement of ecological construction effect. |
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