Study On Construction Of Evaluation System For Water Pollution Control Technology In Differential Reach Of River

Water pollution in different river basins in our country seriously restricts the development of local society and economy.The "National Water Pollution Control and Treatment Technology Major Special Project"(hereinafter referred to as the "Water Special Project")focuses on the integration of water pollution problems in the "Three Rivers,Two Rivers,Five Lakes,and Four Cities" during the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan"to the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period.A series of water pollution control technology systems,the establishment of a "water pollution control technology evaluation system",according to the characteristics of the treatment object,put forward "one lake,one policy","one river,one policy" comprehensive water pollution treatment plan.The existing water pollution control technology evaluation system comprehensively considers the social,economic and environmental aspects,and lacks indicators at the promotion level.During the “ Thirteenth Five-Year Plan ” evaluation of the comprehensive benefits of demonstration projects,it was found that different sections of the same river due to different sources of pollution,social and economic factors,led to a set of technical toolkits with high comprehensive benefits to be demonstrated in different rivers of the same river.The sections present completely different treatment effects,and it is urgent to formulate precise water pollution treatment plans based on the differentiated sections of the river.This article is based on the "National Environmental Protection Technology Evaluation and Demonstration Management Measures [2009]No.58",using bibliometric methods and document content analysis methods,and based on the frequency analysis results of evaluation indicators,supplementing and improving the technology R&D intellectual property rights and policies of the promotion level Factors such as the degree of support and technological innovation,quantify the indicators,calculate the weights of the indicators,and initially construct the "Water Pollution Control Technology Evaluation and Promotion Index System".Under the guidance of comprehensive river classification theory,the river basin types are classified according to the pollution source,social and economic characteristics of the Yanghe Basin,a typical river in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei section,and the initially constructed "Water Pollution Control Technology Evaluation and Promotion Index System" is used according to different characteristics.Technical requirements for different types of river sections.Select technologies with higher comprehensive scores from the "technological library" for water pollution control and conduct comprehensive technical demonstrations.Use the "Environmental Protection Technology Verification Evaluation Test General Specification" to design a targeted evaluation test verification program,based on the three dimensions of environment,society,and economy,to empirically verify the applicability and effectiveness of the technical evaluation system,and build a "differentiated river section water pollution" Governance Technology Evaluation System".The main research results include:(1)On the basis of the previous "National Environmental Protection Technology Evaluation and Demonstration Management Measures [2009] No.58",using bibliometrics and content comparison methods,based on the frequency analysis results of evaluation indicators,a preliminary construction of "water pollution control technology" Evaluation and promotion index system".(1)Technical benefit level is divided into technology promotion and transformation and technical performance indicators respectively include: technology research and development intellectual property rights,technology radiation drive level,policy matching level,technology applicability,technology readiness;technology innovation,technology complexity,Technical stability.Environmental benefits are divided into secondary pollution,pollutant removal rate,and sludge treatment indicators,including: waste gas production,noise;TN,TP,COD,ammonia nitrogen;sludge moisture content,sludge disposal methods,and sludge resources Recovery rate.The economic benefit level is divided into technical cost and resource utilization level indicators including: maintenance cost,technical operation cost,technical construction cost;construction area,energy consumption.The social benefit level is divided into social security and social value indicators,including: impact on human health,acceptability of surrounding residents;technology and industry relevance,employment effects,and landscape effects.(2)Use the analytic hierarchy process and the nine-scale method in the "Environmental Technology Evaluation Implementation Rules" to calculate the weight: technology promotion and transformation index technology applicability single ranking weight is the highest 0.38,and the technology radiation driving degree is the smallest 0.08;technical performance indicators The single ranking weight of technological innovation and technical stability is 0.4,and the weight of technical complexity is 0.2;the ranking weight of technical cost index and technical operating cost is up to 0.59;the weight of resource utilization degree index is up to 0.67.The secondary pollution index has the same weight of the exhaust gas volume and the noise order of 0.5;the weight of the five indicators of the pollutant removal rate is the same as 0.25;the weight of the sludge resource recovery rate of the sludge treatment index is up to 0.49;the social safety index pair The highest impact weight of human health is 0.67;the highest correlation between social value index technology and industry is 0.54.(3)According to the requirements of the "Environmental Technology Evaluation Implementation Rules",the water pollution control technology evaluation levels are divided into five levels: "Level I","Level II","Level III","Level IV" and "Level V".The corresponding comments are as follows: It is excellent,good,qualified,basically qualified and unqualified.(2)Taking the typical river in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area as the research object,under the guidance of comprehensive river classification theory,according to the pollution sources,social and environmental factors of different river sections,the Yanghe basin is divided by systematic cluster analysis method There are four types of river sections.(1)The urban combined overflow control and river black and smelly water restoration areas include Xuanhua District,Qiaodong District,Qiaoxi District,and Chongli County;livestock and poultry breeding pollution control areas include Xiahuayuan District and Zhuolu County;industrial point source pollution control and River ecological restoration areas include Huailai County,Huaian County,and Wanquan County;farmland non-point source pollution control and soil and water conservation areas include Yangyuan County and Yu County.(2)Comprehensively consider the characteristics of the four types of river sections,national and local key plans,and the degree of difference in water quality control goals,and clarify the technical requirements of different river sections.(3)Develop an overall roadmap for water pollution control of different types of river sections in accordance with the "Zhangjiakou City Water Quality Compliance Program".(4)According to the requirements of the "Ten Water Regulations",comprehensive consideration of the matching degree of governance needs and technologies,and the principle of "matching degree" and "technical maturity" as the principle of comprehensive optimization,using the "Evaluation System of Differential River Reach Water Pollution Treatment Technology" for evaluation Screening and determining: the optimal technology for urban combined overflow control and river black and smelly water restoration areas is the bio-fermentation of wet sludge from urban sewage plants to make nutrient soil;the optimal technology for industrial point source pollution control and river ecological restoration areas is low-temperature river wetland space Cascade configuration technology,sightseeing rural water catchment landscape construction and soil fixation and phosphorus control technology;the most effective technology for livestock and poultry breeding pollution control is the full cycle technology of breeding waste based on harmless microbial fermentation beds;farmland non-point source pollution control and soil and water conservation areas The optimal technologies are zero-discharge technology for intensive irrigation and reuse of domestic sewage in villages and towns,precision water-saving and fertilizer control technology for green agriculture,anaerobic fermentation of agricultural waste to produce organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer technology,and composite ecosystem control technology for farmland return pollutants.(3)Using the "General Specification for Environmental Protection Technology Verification,Evaluation and Testing" to comprehensively consider the three dimensions of environment,society and economy to design a targeted evaluation test verification plan.The demonstration evaluation verification test results show that the overall water quality of the Yanghe River Basin is stable throughout the year after the technology is implemented.In category III and above,the main pollution indicators TP,permanganate index,and ammonia nitrogen removal rate reached more than 70%;social survey feedback 67.6% of surrounding residents are satisfied with the implementation of the technology,and 76.2% said that the implementation of the technology has been applied to their lives And work has brought a positive impact;after the implementation of the technology demonstration and application,the city’s annual GDP reached 155.106 billion yuan,a year-on-year increase of 6.9%.On the whole,the environmental,social and economic comprehensive benefit score results are better,which proves the applicability and reliability of the water pollution control technology evaluation system for differentiated river sections constructed in this paper.