Environmental Risk Assessment And Public Perception Research In Chengdu-Chongqing Twin-City Economic Circle

Since the reform and opening up,China’s economic development has made remarkable achievements,and the economy has grown rapidly.However,it is inevitable that basic resources and energy have been consumed in large quantities and the ecological environment has been destroyed on a large scale.As the construction of ecological civilization continues to advance,China’s ecological and environmental problems are still relatively prominent,and environmental risks have evolved into key bottlenecks affecting high-quality economic and social development.In 2021,the Chengdu-Chongqing Shuangcheng Economic Circle has been elevated to a national-level strategy,because it is located at the intersection of the "Belt and Road Initiative" and the Yangtze River Economic Belt,it is also the starting point of the new land-sea passage in the west,and its ecological environment is of great significance to the construction of the ecological barrier in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.From the environmental risk perspective and taking the risk assessment theory and the whole process theory as the basic theories,this study constructed an environmental risk evaluation system and an evaluation index weight model through AHP + entropy weight method,hot spot analysis,multiple linear regression analysis and other methods on the basis of defining the connotation of environmental risk,and systematically analyzed the spatial aggregation characteristics and zoning of environmental risks in the Chengdu-Chongqing region.On this basis,we explored the public environmental risk perception and the difference between subjective perception and objective risk in Chengdu-Chongqing area through psychometric paradigm and questionnaire survey,and provided a decision-making basis for environmental risk management in the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle.The main research results are as follows:（1）Combined with the risk assessment framework and the whole process theory,the theory that the research object of environmental risk is composed of the subject factors（pollution sources,pollution pressure）of environmental risk,the object factors（vulnerability,recovery）of environmental risk and the intermediate variables（monitoring ability,governance ability）of environmental risk is put forward,and the environmental risk assessment model and evaluation index system of "pollutant whole process system-receptor vulnerability system" are constructed from environmental elements such as atmosphere,water and soil.（2）The environmental risk of the Shuangcheng Economic Circle in the Chengdu-Chongqing area was evaluated.The results confirmed that most of the regional environmental risks in the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle are at a low level,accounting for 70.45% of the regional total,and only Yibin,Qianjiang,Fuling,Changshou,Nanchuan,Qijiang,Hechuan and Yongchuan had higher environmental risk levels.In terms of spatial aggregation characteristics,the spatial aggregation characteristics of environmental risks in the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle are not obvious,and the distribution of high-value areas and low-value areas is relatively scattered.（3）According to the environmental risk zoning of the Shuangcheng Economic Circle in the Chengdu-Chongqing area,the study area was divided into five categories:high-risk area,medium-high-risk area,medium-risk area,medium-low-risk area,and low-risk area,which contained 6,2,5,9,and 22 research units,respectively.On this basis,the environmental risk of the Shuangcheng Economic Circle in Chengdu-Chongqing area is divided into two levels according to the risk characteristic factors and environmental factors.（4）Most of the public living in the Shuangcheng Economic Circle in the Chengdu-Chongqing area hold a relatively optimistic attitude towards the environmental conditions in their area,believing that there is only one type of environmental risk in their area.In addition,the number of people worried about the atmospheric environment is the most,the water environment is the second,and the soil environment is the least.There are significant spatial differences in public environmental risk perception,which is manifested in the more pessimistic the public’s attitude towards the environmental conditions of their own areas in areas with higher risks.Conversely,in lower-risk areas,the public is more optimistic about the state of the environment.（5）There is a certain degree of perception bias among the public in the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle,and their risk perception is inconsistent with the objective environmental risk.Their spatial differences were significant,with people in moderate-risk areas having a higher degree of accuracy in risk perception and slightly lower at the extremes.According to the analysis of influencing factors,male are more likely to have perception bias than female in individual characteristics,while in the perception of risk characteristics,the public who are more unfamiliar with the environmental risk,think that the environmental risk is less harmful to themselves,the slower the harm appears,the less the impact on future generations,and the more distrustful the government is,the more likely they are to have perceptual bias.（6）The countermeasures and suggestions of environmental risk management are put forward respectively for high-risk areas,medium-risk areas,medium-risk areas,low-risk areas and low-risk areas in the first-level division of environmental risk.On this basis,we further put forward countermeasures and suggestions for the differentiated management of environmental risks in the study area based on the environmental risk secondary area and public environmental risk perception.