Research On The Implementation Of Urban Waste Classification Policy In Harbin Based On Smith Model

With the continuous development of the economy and the continuous improvement of people’s living standards,the amount of urban domestic waste in my country has also increased sharply.Many cities have the dilemma ofgarbage besieged",which has seriously endangered the normal life and health of the residents,and the environmental and social problems brought about by it have attracted more and more attention from all walks of life.In order to solve the dilemma of urban domestic waste besieging the city,the urban domestic waste classification policy was born.Since the implementation of the municipal solid waste classification policy is a complex process,it involves the subject,target group and implementation process of the policy implementation,and the entire policy implementation process directly affects the realization of the policy goal.Therefore,it is of great practical significance to study the implementation of the Harbin municipal solid waste classification policy.This study combines the Smith policy implementation model,and the main research ideas are:based on the block analysis idea of policy implementation,using the Smith policy implementation process model.The "four factors" in Smith’s policy implementation process model,namely idealized policy,implementing agency,target group,and policy environment,are used as the analysis framework of this research.From the perspective of perception,we can further understand the effect and existing problems of urban domestic waste classification management,so as to construct the elements that affect the residents’ willingness to classify domestic waste.With the help of relevant documents and government portal websites to obtain the required information and data,sort out the policy text of Harbin’s urban domestic waste classification,and summarize the development process of the policy.To analyze the current implementation status of Harbin’s urban domestic waste classification policy,from the perspective of residents,with the help of questionnaires,carry out surveys on six aspects,including attitude towards domestic waste classification,policy attention,mastery of classification knowledge,self-quality level,related supporting facilities,and public publicity.It reveals the problems existing in the implementation of the current Harbin municipal solid waste classification policy:from the analysis of the policy itself,there are problems such as the lack of rationality of the policy content and the lack of a perfect responsibility supervision system;from the analysis of policy implementing agencies,there are problems such as uneven quality of policy implementing entities and difficulties in overall coordination among various departments;from the analysis of the policy target group,there are problems such as weak public responsibility awareness and lack of reasonable incentive and punishment measures;from the analysis of the external environment of the policy,there are problems such as lack of a strong social atmosphere and poor technology in terminal disposal.With reference to the implementation experience of domestic waste classification policies in Tokyo,Germany,Berlin,Stockholm,Sweden and other foreign countries,as well as domestic typical cities such as Beijing,Shanghai and Shenzhen,the enlightenment for Harbin City is drawn,such as improving the policy system,clarifying the division of responsibilities,enhancing residents’ awareness,and optimizing the external environment.On this basis,it proposes to improve policy design,refine policy content,improve policy feasibility,and improve supervision responsibility system;integrate policy executive agencies,improve the quality of policy executives,and strengthen the combination of policy executive agencies;improve the policy recognition of target groups,strengthen the publicity of responsibility awareness,formulate strict reward and punishment measures;optimize the policy implementation environment,create a good social environment,improve technological innovation in terminal waste disposal,and smooth resource recycling.It is expected to provide a reference for the implementation of Harbin’s urban domestic waste classification policy in the future,and to promote Harbin’s urban domestic waste classification work into a virtuous circle and rapid development track.