Research On The Influence Of Fiscal And Taxation Policies On Eco-innovation Per-Formance

With the rapid development of industrial economy,the ecological environment has been continuously upgraded.Since the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,China has actively rectified the ecological environment problems and continuously promoted the pollution prevention and control.The main pollutant emissions show a significant downward trend,and the ecological environment has been greatly improved.However,the environmental improvement brought by traditional pollution control measures is achieved at the expense of some economic interests,which is not conducive to the high-quality economic development.Ecological innovation is regarded as an important link between economic development and environmental protection,which is the due meaning of high-quality economic development.However,there are still some problems in China,such as low level of ecological innovation,difficult to achieve scale and industrialization.Due to the characteristics of "double externalities",the promotion of ecological innovation cannot be separated from the intervention of government public policies.Therefore,how to use green fiscal and tax policies to achieve a breakthrough in regional ecological innovation is very important.From this point of view,this thesis studies the impact of fiscal and tax policies on the performance of ecological innovation,and selects the Yangtze River Delta as an important economic window in China as the research object.Specifically,this thesis divides the government’s fiscal and tax policies into two categories,namely,fiscal and tax policies defined by expenditure and fiscal and tax policies defined by income.The former is represented by expenditure on energy conservation and environmental protection,while the latter is represented by sewage charges and resource taxes,This thesis focuses on this uncertainty,taking 41 cities in the Yangtze River Delta region from 2010 to 2017 as samples to analyze the specific impact of different types of fiscal and tax policies on ecological innovation.Firstly,we measure the performance of ecological innovation.This thesis measures the performance of urban ecological innovation in Yangtze River Delta by using three methods: single variable dimension,multi variable dimension and green total factor productivity dimension.The results show that the evaluation results of single variable dimension and multi variable dimension are consistent.During the sample period,Shanghai,Nanjing and Hangzhou always keep the order of the top three,However,the green total factor productivity of these economically developed cities is not as high as that of the economically underdeveloped cities;Secondly,regression analysis is carried out with green fiscal and tax revenue policy and green fiscal and tax expenditure policy as the core explanatory variables,and ecological innovation performance as the explained variable.The results show that the "crowding in" effect of green fiscal and tax expenditure policy on ecological innovation is greater than the "crowding out" effect,while the effect of green fiscal and tax revenue policy is opposite;Finally,the robustness of the basic regression results is tested by controlling the 13 th five year plan policy,controlling the degree of marketization and estimating instrumental variables.The basic conclusion of the paper remains unchanged.