| Anhui Province is located in the Middle East of China and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.It is a member of the "Pan Yangtze River Delta" economic circle.It is also an important grain and oil production base and one of the 13 major grain producing areas in China.In recent years,Anhui Province,because of its superior geographical location,not only provides assistance to the economic development of the "Yangtze River Delta",but also undertakes the capital spillover and industrial transfer of the "Yangtze River Delta".The two promote and influence each other.Under the radiation of the Yangtze River Delta,Anhui Province has made rapid economic development.However,the rapid economic development has resulted in the conversion of a large number of agricultural land into non-agricultural land.Unreasonable resource allocation in the process of cultivated land utilization also leads to resource waste and a large amount of carbon emission.Therefore,taking carbon emissions as an unexpected output and evaluating the efficiency of cultivated land in Anhui Province will help to understand the actual level of cultivated land use in Anhui Province,and on this basis,make rational use of cultivated land resources,reduce environmental pollution,promote the coordinated development of social and economic benefits and ecological benefits,so as to promote the in-depth development of regional integration in the "Yangtze River Delta" and ensure national food security This paper studies the cultivated land efficiency under the constraint of carbon emission in Anhui Province.Firstly,this paper uses the carbon emission formula to calculate the carbon emission of Anhui Province and analyze the characteristics of carbon emission;secondly,it uses the super efficiency SBM model and malquist Luenberger production index model to make a static and dynamic comparative analysis of cultivated land use efficiency in Anhui Province from the perspective of whether or not to consider carbon emission;and then it analyzes the static and dynamic time and space of cultivated land use efficiency in Anhui Province from 2000 to 2019 under the constraint of carbon emission Finally,the super efficiency SBM model is used to calculate the input-output redundancy rate of cities with invalid cultivated land use efficiency,which provides improvement direction for cities with invalid cultivated land use efficiency.According to the research results,the following conclusions are drawn:(1)On the whole,carbon emissions increased from 2000 to 2014,and declined from 2014 to 2019,with an overall increase of 20.1%.From the perspective of cities,the internal carbon emissions of each city are relatively stable,but the gap between cities is relatively large;In terms of carbon emission intensity and carbon emission growth rate,the carbon emission intensity of cultivated land utilization in Anhui Province is generally on a downward trend,indicating that the carbon dioxide produced per unit GDP growth is gradually decreasing,and the carbon emission rate is also decreasing year by year.After 2010,it is in a state of negative growth.(2)Compared with the comprehensive technical efficiency of cultivated land utilization without considering carbon emissions,the comprehensive technical efficiency is generally low,which indicates that the results obtained without considering carbon emission calculation are higher than the actual technical efficiency.Compared with the total factor productivity(TFP)and its decomposition index,which are not taken into account in carbon emission measurement,the TFP index and the technological progress index are generally on the high side,and the technological efficiency change index.(3)Overall,During the research period,the utilization efficiency of cultivated land in Anhui Province showed a trend of fluctuation and decline,The average is 0.785,At medium level.The average technical efficiency and scale efficiency are 1.023,0.871,The low level of scale efficiency hinders the improvement of cultivated land utilization efficiency.Regionally,The efficiency of cultivated land in northern Anhui,central Anhui and southern Anhui has declined in varying degrees,The decline range from large to small is: northern Anhui,central Anhui,southern Anhui.The average cultivated land efficiency of the three regions is 0.793 and 0.729 respectively 0.853,All are less than 1.From the city,The average cultivated land efficiency of Hefei,Wuhu,Huangshan,Bozhou,Fuyang and Ma'anshan is 0.800-1.000,Belongs to the efficiency superiority area;Xuancheng,Suzhou,Bengbu,Chuzhou,Tongling,Huaibei,Chizhou,Anqing,Belongs to the efficiency flat area;The mean of Huainan and Luan are below0.600,Belong to the efficiency disadvantage area.In terms of spatial distribution,North-South efficiency in 2000,Low efficiency in the centre;High efficiency in central 2005,Mass distribution;Multipolar differentiation pattern in 2010;Point distribution in2015-2019.(4)On the whole,the average annual growth rate of total factor productivity index of cultivated land utilization in Anhui Province from 2000 to 2019 under the constraint of carbon emissions is 8.4,more than 1,showing an upward trend,and technological progress is the driving force of its growth.Regionally,in terms of total factor productivity growth rate,southern Anhui > central Anhui > northern Anhui.From the city point of view,the average value of total factor productivity index and technological progress index in each city during the research period is greater than 1,the change index of technological efficiency is less than 1,and technological progress promotes productivity growth.From the point of view of spatial evolution,both the total factor productivity index and the technological progress index are gradually developed from the point distribution to the state that the productivity index and the technological progress index of 16 cities in 2019 are more than 1.The technical efficiency change index changed from the point distribution in 2000 to the increase of technical efficiency in the east,west and north of 2019,and the decrease of efficiency in the middle and south.(5)The expected output redundancy rate is 0,and the input and non-expected output are redundant to varying degrees,which indicates that the reasons for the loss of cultivated land utilization efficiency in Anhui Province are input redundancy and non-expected output redundancy.With the exception of Huangshan City,the utilization efficiency of cultivated land is always in the optimal front,and there are different degrees of input and non-expected output redundancy in other areas.(6)According to the above conclusions,this paper puts forward the following countermeasures and suggestions to improve the efficiency of cultivated land in Anhui Province: to raise public awareness of environmental protection,to achieve agricultural carbon emission reduction,to coordinate regional coordinated development according to local conditions,and to actively promote the research and development and promotion of agricultural science and technology. |
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