Research On The Distribution And Spatial Features Of Famous Historical And Cultural Towns And Villages Fenhe River Basin Based On GIS

With the acceleration of the urbanization process,the country has paid more and more attention to the protection of historical and cultural towns and villages,but the overall landscape environment,street space and architectural style are still being damaged to varying degrees.The Fenhe River Basin has complex terrain and diverse cultures.As important material carriers of nature and cultural heritage,famous historical and cultural towns and villages present a unique cultural heritage.This paper uses Arc Gis10.6 spatial analysis method to systematically study the distribution characteristics of historical and cultural towns and villages,and summarize their distribution characteristics and spatial morphological characteristics,in order to provide references for in-depth research,protection and utilization,and tourism development in the future.The article first takes 65 historical and cultural towns and villages in the Fenhe River Basin as the research object,and uses Arc Gis10.6 and other tools to explore the names of historical and cultural towns in the Fenhe River Basin using spatial analysis models such as the nearest neighbor index,coefficient of variation,and kernel density estimates.The overall distribution characteristics of the village,and the use of multi-ring buffer analysis,standard deviation ellipse,overlay analysis and other methods to analyze the distribution characteristics and main causes led by different factors;secondly,the settlement site selection pattern and historical humanities led by natural ecological factors The factor-led internal space of the settlement analyzes and summarizes the spatial characteristics of the historical and cultural towns and villages in the Fenhe River Basin from two aspects.The main conclusions are as follows:The spatial distribution of famous historical and cultural towns and villages in the Fenhe River Basin is a cohesive distribution,which is highly agglomerated,and the county distribution is extremely unbalanced,mainly forming a high concentration area-Pingyao-Jiexiu-Lingshi agglomeration area;two;Secondary agglomeration area-Shouyang-Yuci agglomeration area,Yicheng agglomeration area.At the same time,the historical and cultural towns and villages in the Fenhe River Basin have shown a distribution pattern coupled with the geological structure line and the direction of the Fenhe River in terms of natural ecology.They are mainly distributed in low mountain and hilly areas,mostly close to the river system,and show Obvious agglomeration effect;in terms of social economy,it is mainly distributed in the low population,poverty,low level of urbanization,far away from the central city,and dense highway network districts and counties,and is mainly affected by provincial highways and expressways;in terms of history and humanities,there are The distribution characteristics of "near the post along the road",and is closer to the ticket number and post station distribution.The site selection pattern features mainly consider the actual conditions of the regional ground slope,aspect,and whether or not it faces water.The historical and cultural towns and villages in the Fenhe River Basin are divided into the mountain-dominated type,the hill-dominated type,and the plain-table-dominated type dominated by natural factors.Three types are discussed.The internal space characteristics are divided according to their unique historical and humanistic characteristics,mainly based on the cause of the formation and prosperity of villages and towns and their resource endowments.They are divided into patriarchal settlement-oriented,transportation and commerce-oriented,political and military-oriented,Fengshui and religious-oriented,and resources.Six types of industry-oriented type and farming-reading culture-oriented type will be discussed.