Evaluation And Optimization Of 15-minute Life Circle In Central City Of Hohhot Based On GIS

Since entering the new century,due to the rapid development of China's urbanization level,people's pursuit of the quality of life and the quality of public service facilities is also constantly improving.With the development of“Double Urban Repair Work”,more and more cities begin to realize the efficient allocation of public service facilities resources by building life circle.so as to meet the diversified living needs of residents and improve the overall livability of living environment.First of all,this paper uses the method of literature review and induction to summarize the research progress and related theories of domestic and foreign life circles,and take the current “Urban Residential District Planning and Design Standards”(GB50180-2018)and the 15-minute life circle planning guidelines of Shanghai and Jinan as a reference,and considering the three aspects of land use scale,service population and street management unit,the study area is divided into 36 15-minute life circles.Secondly,according to the 15-minute life circle residential area supporting facilities regulations and the availability of data,the evaluation index system is constructed with six categories of facilities in education,medical,cultural and sports,transportation,elderly care and commercial services,the relevant tool modules in GIS software analyze the spatial distribution characteristics and coverage rate of six types of facilities,so as to reveal the existing problems of public service facilities and analyze the causes.Finally,by constructing a walk score model,the current public service facility layout of the 15-minute life circle is evaluated,the public service facilities are optimized according to the results of the walk score,and an optimization strategy for the 15-minute life circle is proposed.Through the above research,the main conclusions are as follows:(1)The spatial distribution of existing public service facilities in the 15-minute life circle presents the following characteristics: The educational facilities of junior high schools as a whole are characterized by a“multi-center,scattered point-like” spatial distribution;the high-density areas of medical facilities are mainly concentrated in the life circle with higher population density,and present a radiating pattern from multiple centers to the surroundings;cultural venues have strong spatial agglomeration,high-density areas are mainly located along Xilin Gol South Road,and the density of facilities presents a characteristic of gradually decreasing from the center to the periphery;sports venues present a multi-center distribution characteristic,among which the density is high,the value area is mainly concentrated in the life circle of Zhongshan West-Tongdao Street,while other areas with higher density values are distributed evenly with scattered characteristics;commercial facilities are characterized by the spatial distribution of multi-center agglomeration,which is generally consistent with the urban economic development is consistent;the overall spatial distribution of public transportation facilities is relatively balanced,forming a multi-core transportation network;due to the small number of elderly facilities,they are all laid out in the form of scattered points,and there is no high concentration distribution feature in space.(2)By measuring the coverage rate of public service facilities,the results show that the coverage rate of medical facilities,cultural venues,banks,telecommunications,catering and transportation facilities is higher than 75%.The service coverage of junior middle schools,stadiums and shopping malls is less than 70%,and there is a large area of service blind area,in which the service coverage of pension facilities is the lowest,only 21.71%.(3)Based on the analysis of the spatial distribution characteristics and spatial coverage rate of various public service facilities,it can be found that the current situation of the 15-minute life circle should be to build supporting facilities,there are two problems in terms of the quantity and type of supply gap,and the unbalanced layout of space.The main factors affecting the construction of facilities in the life circle are the limitation of planning standards and inadequate construction control,the diversification of supply subjects,the construction of facilities lagging behind the rapid expansion of the city,and the constraints of facilities construction on the level of urban economic development.(4)By constructing a walk score model,weighting various facilities,setting distance attenuation interval function,index correction and other steps,the overall walking index in the study area is calculated to be only 56.97 points,indicating the walk ability of the current public service facilities general.In reference to the walk score evaluation results of the facilities improvement suggestions,the 15-minute life circle of the current public service facilities are optimized and supplemented,and then the walking index model is used to verify.The final result of the optimization is that the walking index of each living circle is more than 70 points.In view of the current situation of Hohhot's 15 minute living circle,the corresponding optimization suggestions are put forward,which should focus on supplementing and improving the facilities gap to achieve full coverage of supporting facilities;encourage the co construction of compatible facilities to improve the intensive construction of facilities;optimize the pedestrian traffic network to improve road safety and accessibility.