| Fujian province is located in southern acid rain region,where soil acidification is obvious,additionally,the higher farmland multiple cropping index and wide use of physiological acid fertilizer both aggravated the soil acidification,which influenced the quality and yield of tobacco in Fujian.In order to improve Fujian acidic tobacco-planting soil and provide new modified material for acidic tobacco-planting soil,the common industrial waste in Fujian—carrageenan by-product was used as main conditioner,combined with food waste?edible fungus residue?dolomite powder?Shell powder,to carry out soil improvement experiment.This research had combined cultivation experiment?pot experiment and field experiment to test the improvement effect of carrageenan by-product on acidic tobacco-planting soil and select the best dosage and the best compounding application method.The main results were as follows:? The effect of different dosages of carrageenan by-product on acidic tobacco-planting soil and flue-cured tobacco production output with qualityThe cultivation experiment result showed that Carrageenan by-product heightened the soil pH and soil available nutrients.And the soil pH was 0.51 units higher than that of CK when applied 15 g carrageenan by-product per kilogram soil,whose effect was the most obvious.Meanwhile the available nitrogen and available potassium were both significantly higher than those of CK when applied carrageenan by-product,but there was no obvious difference among different dosages,and soil available phosphorus didn't change much.The pot experiment results showed that the application of carrageenan by-product reduced the soil bulk density and heightened the soil moisture content,capillary porosity and total porosity.The soil bulk density was least when applied 150g carrageenan by-product per 10kg soil,whose soil moisture content,capillary porosity and total porosity were all significantly higher than those of CK.The application of carrageenan by-product reduced the content of soil available manganese,had no obvious influence on soil available cadmium and soil available plumbum.The soil urease activity and acid phosphatase activity both got enhanced after applied carrageenan by-product,the urease activity was 71%higher than that of CK when applied 150g carrageenan by-product per 10kg soil.Soil microorganism amount was also enhanced significantly,and the soil microorganism amount?bacteria?fungi?gram positive bacteria?gram negative bacteria were 36%?61%?28%?81%?44%higher than those of CK respectively when applied 90g carrageenan by-product per 10kg soil,which showed the best effect.The application of carrageenan by-product promoted the nutrient absorption of flue-cured tobacco,included NPK?calcium and magnesium,heightened the biomass of tobacco root,stem and leaf,of which the increase of tobacco root biomass got the most significant effect,the tobacco root biomass was 6.5g more than that of CK per plant on average when applied carrageenan by-product.The treatment of applying 90g carrageenan by-product per 10kg soil had most biomass,30.24g more than that of CK per plant.The result of field experiment showed that the first-class tobacco proportion would got significantly heightened when applied 50kg carrageenan by-product a unit of area,the tobacco production output and production value both got significantly heightened when the application amount of carrageenan by-product were 50kg?80kg?100kg a unit of area respectively,of which the production value were 145.47yuan?120.61 yuan?157.82 yuan a unit of area more than that of CK respectively.The application of carrageenan by-product increased the content of tobacco total potassium,total sugar,reducing sugar and decreased the content of nicotine.So the sugar-nicotine ratio and nitrogen-nicotine ratio got raised and the chemical composition coordination of upper leaf got improved generally.The treatments of applying carrageenan by-product 20kg a unit of area and 100kg a unit of area respectively had the best chemical composition coordination of upper leaf,yet the sugar-nicotine ratio and nitrogen-nicotine ratio of middle leaf were a little high generally.? The effect of carrageenan by-product composite conditioner on acidic tobacco-planting soil and flue-cured tobacco production output with qualityThe result of cultivation experiment showed that all of treatments with carrageenan by-product composite conditioner heightened the soil pH significantly,when the carrageenan by-product application amount was 4g per kilogram soil and the application ratio of carrageenan by-product,food waste,edible fungus residue,dolomite powder and shell powder were 1:0.8:0.8:0.1:0.1 and 1:0.4:0.4:01:0.1 respectively,the soil pH had been more than 0.6 units higher than that of CK,the content of soil available nitrogen and available potassium got higher with the higher application ratio of food waste and edible fungus residue as well.The pot experiment results showed that carrageenan by-product composite conditioner reduced the soil bulk density and heightened the soil capillary porosity and total porosity,while the difference among groups(except CK)was not big.Carrageenan by-product composite conditioner reduced the content of soil available manganese and available copper,increased the content of soil available zinc significantly,and had no obvious influence on soil available cadmium and soil available plumbum,while the difference among groups(except CK)was not obvious.The soil urease activity and acid phosphatase activity got enhanced significantly,of which the soil urease activity got a more increase.On the basis of applying 40g carrageenan by-product per 10kg soil,when the application ratio of carrageenan by-product,food waste,edible fungus residue,dolomite powder and shell powder were 1:0.2:0.2:0.1:0.1,1:0.4:0.4:0.1:0.1,1:0.6:0.6:0.1:0.1,1:0.8:0.8:0.1:0.1,the soil urease got increased by 29%,49%,41%,47%respectively;the treatment of 1:0.8:0.8:0.1:0.1 got the most soil microorganism amount,which was 51%higher than that of CK.The application of carrageenan by-product composite conditioner promoted the nutrient absorptions of flue-cured tobacco,included NPK?calcium and magnesium,heightened the plant height?leaf number and leaf area of flue-cured tobacco significantly,so the tobacco biomass got increased as well.On the basis of applying 40g carrageenan by-product per 10kg soil,the tobacco biomass got more with the higher application ratio of food waste and edible fungus residue.The treatment of 1:0.8:0.8:0.1:0.1 got the most tobacco biomass,which was 42.9g per plant more than that of CK.The result of field experiment showed that when applied carrageenan by-product,food waste,edible fungus residue and lime by certain proportion,tobacco production output,production value,average price and first-class tobacco proportion all got heightened obviously.The treatment of applying 100kg carrageenan by-product a unit of area with the application ratio of carrageenan by-product,food waste,edible fungus residue and lime was 1:0.8:0.8:0.4 got the best economic effect,whose tobacco production output,production value,average price and first-class tobacco proportion were 13.8kg a unit of area,559.7yuan a unit of area,1.7yuan a unit of area,9.7%more than those of CK.The application of carrageenan by-product composite conditioner increased the content of tobacco total potassium,total sugar,reducing sugar and decreased the content of nicotine.The treatments of applying 100kg carrageenan by-product a unit of area with the application ratio of carrageenan by-product,food waste,edible fungus residue and lime were 1:0.8:0.8:0.4 and 1:0.4:0.4:0.4 got the most content of total sugar and reducing sugar,take the upper leaf for example,40%more than those of CK;the nitrogen-nicotine ratio and potassium-chlorine radio of flue-cured tobacco got improved generally and the sugar-nicotine ratio was a little high. |
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