Impacts Of Different Organic Materials On Microorganism And Physico-chemical Properties Of Soil As Well As Yield And Quality Of Flue-cured Tobacco

In order to improve the quality and safety of tobacco leaf,and to facilitate the tobacco-planted soils sustainable development,with flue-cured tobacco K326 as test material.the effects of cake fertilizer,rice straw,rape straw and plant ash on growth development,yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco,soil microbes and physical and chemical properties were explored through a plot experiment.The results of the study are as follows:(1)Soil physical and chemical properties were improved by using four organic materials.The organic materials of cake fertilizer,rice straw,rape straw and plant ash could improve soil water content.Soil pH was increased by using plant ash.In later stage of growth,rape straw was able to decrease soil bulk density to loose soil.Cake fertilizer,rice straw and rape straw could efficiently amend soil structure in tobacco-planting area,increase soil porosity.(2)Four organic materials could improve soil nutrient content,and keep its fertility.Enough phosphorus were provided by using cake fertilizer and straw in flourishing-growth period.Soil available potassium was increased by using cake fertilizer,rice straw,rape straw and plant ash.The best effect was cake fertilizer,the second was rice straw.(3)Organic materials could greatly increase the soil microbial functional diversity.The AWCD values of the soil microbial communities followed the order:T3>T2>T4>T1>CK;The activities of McIntosh index was increased most significantly,the enzyme activities were increased by 85% to 310% than that of the CK,respectively.The result of principal component analysis showed that the carbon utilization ability of soil microbial community had a lot of discrepancies by using organic materials.Plant ash and rapeseed straw incorporation not only improved the soil microbial carbon source utilization ability,but also significantly improved functional diversity.(4)In different growth stage,there were differences on the plant height,stem circumference,effective leaves and maximum leaf area by using different organic materials.A major addition to stem circumference of flue-cured tobacco was straw and plant ash,but cake fertilizer and rape mainly advanced the growth of tobacco leaves.(5)Adding organic materials had a significant effect on main chemical components of tobacco leaves,and increased the total sugar,potassium,nitrogen,reducing sugar,ratio of total sugar to nicotine and ratio of total nitrogen to nicotine in middle and upper tobacco leaves,reduced the chlorine content of middle leaves of flue-cured tobacco.(6)The ratio of medium-topped tobacco which was increased with four organic materials.Yield and quality of tobacco leaves were raised by using cake fertilizer,rape and plant ash.The best effect was plant ash,the second was rape.