EL SISTEMA POETICO DE GUSTAVO ADOLFO BECQUER. (SPANISH TEXT)

This thesis presents the work of the Spanish poet, Gustavo Adolfo Becquer, as a recreation of the popular lyric in terms of a conscious and coherent system of poetic diction. Since Gongora and Quevedo, no major Spanish poet had attempted to use the folk tradition for his own aesthetic purposes. Becquer's work both points back to that of his great seventeenth-century predecessors and forward to twentieth-century Spanish modernism, with its roots deep in folkloric culture.; Becquer's place as one of the greatest poets of nineteenth- century Spain is generally admitted, but critics have tended to regard him either as an anomaly in a poetically sterile period or as the sole master of a second wave of Spanish romanticism. Becquer, however, is not a random event or a romantic epigon; thus, this dissertation will examine the work in itself and also in its precise social and historical context.; Several minor poets, contemporaries of Becquer, had been questing for a system of lyric expression that would permit a revolt against the innocuous rhetoric of Post-Romantic remnants. Becquer's work not only represents the artistic achievement of this search for a valid system but it also reinforces the need of identification of the Spanish letters with the people and folklore, the most powerful force of change.; Like the French symbolists, Becquer tried to confine his poetics within an autonomous system. Many important tendencies in Baudelaire, Rimbaud and Verlaine have no nineteenth-century Spanish analogues except in Becquer, for example, the idea of the poet as a seer and possessor of secret knowledge.; Giner de los R(')ios saw the mid-nineteenth century as a time of crisis and disruption, in which the poet had to seek the truth within himself. Both in his life and in his work, Becquer exhibits the increasing isolation of the poet, his tendency to become both subject and object. But there are other divisions involved with this primary one: that between the conscious and subconscious self and that between society (and social demands) and poetry.; As my work focuses on the intrinsic relationship between the social context and creativity, I follow some of the assumptions of the Russian structuralism as well as the systematic studies of some relevant French structuralists and post-structuralists. (Abstract shortened with permission of author.)...