| In recent years,the economic growth of various countries and regions around the world has been slowly increasing,and the importance of knowledge is at an unprecedented height.This also makes more and more people understand that only innovation can provide a continuous source of power for economic growth.Only with independent R&D creativity can it become the industry leader and master the core competitiveness of industry development.At this stage,every province,city and region in our country is faced with various practical problems such as transfer mode,structure adjustment and promotion.In order to make the economy smoothly through the transition period,entering a new period of growth is inseparable from the development of innovation.In 2016,the central government officially positioned innovation-driven development as a key strategy at the national level,indicating that innovation,especially in some hotspots,has attracted the attention of the state.For the past few years,our country's economic development level has been maintained at a high speed.During this period,the innovation capability and output level have been significantly improved.However,due to the late start of our country,the overall development level of innovation is still in the Western countries and other Western countries.Some distance.In addition,the current state of regional imbalances in the level of innovation is a more difficult issue for our country.Because the spatial imbalance of innovation and development levels may lead to more serious imbalances in economic development.Therefore,it is very urgent to actively improve the ability of independent innovation and study the innovation activities and spatial spillover effects of 31 provinces and cities in China.To sum up,the spatial distribution and spillover effects of innovation capacity in 31 provinces and municipalities in China are of great significance for deepening the level of regional innovation and development and accelerating the balanced development of regional innovation capability.First of all,this paper uses SPSS24.0 software to analyze the 11 innovation ability indicators such as R&D expenditure internal expenditure,R&D personnel full-time equivalent,actual use of foreign investment,per capita GDP,and the number of full-time teachers in ordinary higher schools,and construct a more reasonable one.Common factor.After KMO test,Bartley spherical test and principal component analysis,three common factors including innovation input factor,innovation environmental factor and innovation output factor were extracted.The factor variance contribution rates were 0.7387,0.115 and 0.0588,respectively.The provinces with the highest contribution scores,including Guangdong,Jiangsu,Zhejiang,Shanghai,Beijing,Fujian,Tianjin,Chongqing,Anhui,and Hebei.The provinces with lower comprehensive factor scores include Qinghai,Inner Mongolia,Guangxi,Jilin,Ningxia,Shanxi,Yunnan,Heilongjiang,Gansu and Tibet.On the basis of factor analysis and GeoDa's calculation of global moran index,the spatial status of inter-provincial innovation development index in China is discussed.The results show that the value of Global Moran's I is greater than 0.3 in 2008-2017,indicating that the innovation development index between China's provinces has a significant spatial positive correlation,and various innovation activities in neighboring provinces and cities have spatial spillover effects.So the next step is to use the spatial panel model for regression analysis.Then based on the LM test and Wald test,in the three spatial panel model of common doberman model,choose the most appropriate space to representative index(PFS)R&D personnel flow,regional joint patent filings(JP)and foreign direct investment(FDI)to measure the spatial spillover effects of China's 31 provinces and cities innovation,and discusses the specific differences in spatial spillovers in the three regions of East,Central and West.According to the empirical research,the conclusions reached in this paper are as follows:First,from the perspective of the overall situation,the regional innovation activities at the provincial scale have relatively obvious spatial correlation,R&D personnel mobility(PFS),inter-regional joint patent applications.Both quantity(JP)and foreign direct investment(FDI)have positive spillover effects,while all indicators have completed a 10%significance test.Among the three indicators,the R&D turnover(PFS)indicator has the most obvious spillover effect,followed by the interregional joint patent filings(JP),while the foreign direct investment(FDI)index has a weak spillover effect.Second,from a regional perspective,the spillover effects of various indicators in the three major regions are quite different.R&D personnel mobility(PFS)has a positive spillover effect in the eastern,central and western regions,with the spillover effect in the central region ranking first.The inter-regional joint patent filings(JP)also have positive spillover effects in all three regions,and at the same time,5%significant tests have been completed,with the eastern provinces having the strongest spatial spillover effect.For the foreign direct investment(FDI)index,there is a positive spatial spillover effect in the east and the middle,and a negative spillover effect in the west.Then,based on the research conclusions mentioned earlier,some specific suggestions and countermeasures are listed.Specifically,it includes:First,the formulation of policies must have a long-term and overall situation.It is necessary not only to pay attention to the economic conditions and environment of the region,but also to consider the development strategies of the surrounding areas.Second,we must build a research and development alliance,strengthen inter-regional communication and cooperation,remove technical barriers and local protection,maximize the flow of scientific research results,and enable the innovative output of neighboring provinces and cities to be used by the provinces and cities reasonably.Further enhance the innovation development index of the region.Third,all localities should introduce foreign investment according to their actual conditions,and at the same time,they must constantly improve their ability to digest and absorb foreign cutting-edge technologies.Fourth,policy makers must cultivate key talents according to the needs of economic development. |
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