Study On The Demand And Countermeasures Of Vocational Training For Migrant Workers In The Construction Industry

Migrant workers are the main force in the construction industry and have made outstanding contributions to the development of industry and society.However,in recent years,the phenomenon of “labor shortage” in the construction industry has become prominent.The shortage of high-quality and highly skilled industrial workers has become a “bottleneck”restricting the sustainable and healthy development of the construction industry.As an important means to improve the capital of migrant workers in the construction industry,vocational training is the main starting point for realizing the transition from quantitative demographic dividend to quality demographic dividend in China,and is the key path for the transformation of migrant workers in the construction industry to industrial workers.General Secretary Xi Jinping also proposed to improve the vocational training system and comprehensively improve the quality of the people in the report of the 19 th National Congress.However,at present,the phenomenon of “effective supply shortage”of vocational training for migrant workers in the construction industry is serious,the training and the demand of migrant workers in the construction industry is derailed,and the training intention of migrant workers in the construction industry is not strong.In order to improve the current phenomenon,many scholars began to study the vocational training of migrant workers.The attention to the training needs of migrant workers is an important perspective for the vocational training research of migrant workers.However,there are few systematic studies on the vocational training needs of migrant workers in the construction industry.Therefore,this paper attempts to improve the vocational training of migrant workers in the construction industry in China from the perspective of the vocational training needs of migrant workers in the construction industry.This paper firstly combs,analyzes and summarizes the influencing factors of the vocational training needs of migrant workers in the construction industry through literature analysis.Based on this,the ISM(interpretation structure model)is used to establish the influencing factors of the vocational training needs of migrant workers in the construction industry.It is found that the vocational training needs of migrant workers in the construction industry are affected by five aspects: individual characteristics,job characteristics,family characteristics,cognition of training status and environmental factors.Secondly,through questionnaire survey,analysis of the needsof migrant workers in the construction industry for training content,training of teachers,training costs,etc.And using the binary logistic regression model to conduct an empirical analysis of the vocational training needs for migrant workers in the construction industry,it is found that the vocational training needs of migrant workers in the construction industry is obviously insufficient,and the significant factors affecting the vocational training needs of migrant workers in the construction industry are individual characteristics(age,education level,skill level and number of training),job characteristics(day work time,labor contract and monthly work income),cognition of training status(training for income assistance,training costs,training convenience,training teachers and training content)and environmental factors(social status,business support and training policy satisfaction).Finally,through the analysis of the significant factors affecting training needs,and drawing on the advanced experience of training for construction workers in Singapore and Hong Kong,Put forward countermeasures to improve the vocational training of migrant workers in the construction industry in China,including:First,based on the training needs of migrant workers,improve the quality of training;Second,through the establishment of special funds for vocational training for migrant workers in the construction industry,explore the PPP model for vocational training of migrant workers in the construction industry,in order to improve the funding mechanism for vocational training;Third,clarify the responsibilities of enterprises in vocational training;Fourth,through the supervision of the quality and funds of vocational training,and strict implementation of the industry access system,to improve the vocational training supervision system;Fifth,through the government to lead the establishment of vocational training assessment base,and set up a step-based(C8-C1level)skills improvement program and a diversified skills improvement channel to improve the vocational training assessment system;Sixth,deepen the reform of the household registration system.