A Study On Rural Population's Willingness To Settle In Urban Areas And The Influence Factors

Urbanization,with the development of non-agriculture is a converting and flowing process where key factors are gathered,of which the most obvious reflection is the gradual migration of the population to the city,constant extending of original cities and the emerging of more new ones.It is required in the reports of the 19 th National Congress of CPC that: “Taking the urban agglomerations as the main body,the urban pattern with the coordinated development of large and medium-sized cities and small towns should be built,and the development of agriculture should be speeded up and the population urbanization should be transferred.” Henan is a large province of agriculture and population in China,therefore the research on the urban-settlement of rural population has a significant influence to urbanization process.From the angle of the willingness and influence factors of the rural population's settlement in urban areas,this paper takes the problem of peri-urbanization in the new urbanization process as the breakthrough point.Based on the micro data of the field survey,this paper analyzes the present situation of the rural population,the willingness to settle down in urban areas and the influencing factors of the settlement in the city.Finally,the conclusion is drawn and the suggestions will be given.This essay is divided into five parts.The first part is the introduction,which mainly introduces the background of the topic,the purpose and significance of the study,the ideas and methods of the research and their innovation and deficiency.We will sort out the domestic and foreign literature on the migration of rural populations and the settlement of the population in cities.We will analyze the factors affecting the rural population's settlement in cities from individuals,families and regions.Taking the new urbanization and reports of 19 th National Congress of CPC as the background,this essay focuses on the phenomenon of peri-urbanization in the new urbanization and uses the methods of literature review and field investigation to study the influence factors of the rural population's settlement in urban areas from the micro will of the rural population to settle in urban areas.The innovation of this essay is to focus on the willingness of the rural population left behind and the migrant workers to go to the urban areas,and to use the latest data of the population flow of "hundreds of counties and thousands of villages" in the Central Plains Economic Zone in September 2017 in Henan Province,and to discuss the rural population' willingness to enter the city and their influence on the whole rural area level.The second part is the theoretical analysis of the settlement of rural population in cities.Domestic and foreign scholars have conducted a lot of research on population migration and formed many theories.This article summarizes relevant theories from the three levels of macro,meso and micro,focused analysis of the influence of farmers' migrant workers on their willingness to settle in cities,and then extracts a multi-level theoretical framework of population migration.The third part is mainly based on the questionnaire survey on the field and introduces the present situation of the rural population entering the urban area in Henan province.From the personal characteristics,the migrant workers are compared with the population left behind.There are migrant workers in 58% and those migrant workers account for 40.49% of the total number of family labor investigated.Migrant workers have become the main channel of rural labor employment and become the main source of rural populations' income.However,the location and industry of the migrant workers are more concentrated,and most of them tend to be in the areas near home,mostly take part in the construction and living services,and the income is low.Finally,the willingness of the interviewees to settle in the urban area is analyzed,and nearly half of the farmers are willing to settle in the urban areas,but the cost of urban living is high.In the urban areas,only 20% of the actual migration plans can be obtained without enough income,and the actual migration plan is far from the intention.Finally,this chapter based on the field survey of the questionnaire to summarize the trends of rural population mobility and the direction of structural evolution.It is concluded that the urbanization of counties with the county carrier as the spatial carrier is more in line with the needs of urbanization of farmers in Henan Province.The fourth part is an empirical study,which mainly studies the influence factors of the rural population entering the city.Based on the data collected by the questionnaire,which is processed by the Logit and Probit econometric models,the conclusion is that sex,age,education level,Party members,annual salary income,work industry and ground point,participation in agriculture and migrant workers and the length and source and location of the village have a significant impact on the settlement of the rural population.The younger the age,the higher the education and the higher the annual wage income is,the stronger the willingness to settle in the urban areas is.And women and the party members are more willing to enter the city,and workers engaged in the third industry are more willing to enter the city,and the migrant workers are more willing to settle down in the city than stay at home,and the longer they go out to work,the more likely they want to settle in urban areas.The more formal way of employment and less agriculture,the more willingness of rural population to settle in cities.Rural areas in remote areas prefer to settle in cities.The fifth part summarizes the problems existing in the process of settlement of rural population in cities in Henan Province,and analyzes the problems.The study found that there are serious peri-urbanization in rural areas,lagging behind in the training of farmers' professionalism,and strong local consciousness and complex.Obstructed the urbanization process of the rural population.In view of the above problems,we propose to increase the income of rural migrant workers,improve the quality education of rural population,deepen the reform of the land and household registration system,and regulate the channels for farmers to go out of employment.