| In the context of the new round of economic transformation and industrial upgrading,the level of development of China’s service industry has continued to grow,especially producer services,showing a rapid development trend,and playing an increasingly high role in the national economy.Productive service industry has the characteristics of wide industry scope,large employment capacity,less occupation of resources and less environmental pollution,which is a new way to realize the transformation of economic development mode and sustainable development.The outline of innovative development of the service industry(2017-2025)proposes to "accelerate the development of producer services and enhance the supporting capacity for regional industrial upgrading".At present,the upper reaches of the Yangtze River are confronted with unreasonable industrial structure and tight resource constraints,under the guidance of the development of the Yangtze River Economic Zone,the upper reaches of the Yangtze River are vigorously developing producer services and actively carrying out industrial restructuring and upgrading,however,the development of producer services in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River started slowly,and the regional industrial development is quite different.The long-term development of the industry is worrying.Therefore,this paper discusses the competitiveness level of producer services in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River,which is of great significance for promoting the coordinated development of regional industries and achieving the overall improvement of the competitiveness of regional producer services.In recent years,more and more authors have found that industrial ecosystems are similar to natural ecosystems,and have begun to introduce niche theory in ecology to study industrial development and competitiveness.This paper regards regional producer services as the whole ecosystem,and producer services of each province and city as subsystems.In the regional producer services ecosystem,the subsystems of producerservices of one province and city interact and interact with other provinces and municipalities,thus determining the relative position in the regional producer services ecosystem.If the ecological niche of the producer service subsystem of a province or city is bigger,then the competitiveness of the producer service industry of the province or city is stronger,and vice versa,the weaker.This paper evaluates and studies the competitiveness of producer services in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River with a brand-new niche idea and method,and clarifies its level and position in the ecosystem of producer services in the Yangtze River Economic Belt,with a view to finding out the optimal path of the niche of producer services in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and putting forward strategies for enhancing competitiveness.Based on the above research background,this paper first systematically combs the theory of niche,industrial competitiveness and other existing research results,and constructs the theoretical framework of producer services niche.Secondly,the paper analyses the current situation of producer services in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River from three aspects: the overall scale,the investment in fixed assets and the employees.Then,according to multidimensional hypervolume niche theory,conducting multi-dimensional decomposition of ecological niche,the multi-dimensional ecological niche evaluation index system for the competitiveness of producer services is determined,based on this,the ecological niches of producer services in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River are measured and compared with those in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River.Then,the results of the comprehensive niche of producer services in the Yangtze River Economic Belt are clustered by SPSS20.0 software,in order to reflect the hierarchy and status of producer services in the whole ecosystem of producer services in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.The degree of overlap of each dimension and comprehensive niche of producer services in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River are measured.Finally,the following conclusions are drawn:Firstly,the overall scale,fixed assets investment and employees of producer services in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River are increasing year by year,but there are obvious differences between provinces and municipalities in producer services and sub-industries.Secondly,he structural niche and potential niche of producer services inthe upper reaches of the Yangtze River are higher,but the comprehensive niche values are at a lower level,the comprehensive niche values of producer services in Chongqing,Sichuan,Yunnan and Guizhou are 0.03268,0.03171,0.03117 and 0.02979,respectively,respectively.and the competitiveness level is lower.Thirdly,as a whole,the average comprehensive niche of overall producer services in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River is smaller than that in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River,the average comprehensive ecological niche values are0.03134,0.03452 and 0.04192,respectively.Fourthly,according to the results of comprehensive niche clustering analysis,producer services in the four provinces and cities in the upper reaches of the Yangtze river are all in the fourth category in the ecosystem of producer services in the Yangtze River Economic Belt,and the competitiveness of producer services is poor.Fifthly,the niche overlap and dimension overlap of producer services among provinces and municipalities in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River are relatively high,the comprehensive niche overlaps are all above0.86,Under the premise of limited resources,there is a great competition pressure among producer services in the provinces and municipalities.According to the above research conclusions,based on the results of niche measurement of producer services,and combined with niche breadth theory,niche overlap and segregation theory,niche expansion theory,and symbiosis theory,etc,countermeasures to improve the competitiveness of producer services in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River are proposed.First,niche dislocation development:differentiation strategy;second,niche expansion development: optimization promotion strategy;third,niche synergistic development : win-win cooperation strategy. |
