| Rural poverty is one of the significant issues of rural development in China.Rural poverty is a stumbling block to narrow the urban-rural and regional gaps and achieve the common prosperity.It is also the key and key to doing a good job of “agriculture,rural areas and farmers” in Henan Province at this stage.In order to reveal the characteristics of county poverty in Henan Province,and explore the differences of the pauperization mechanism and elusion path under the different spatial scales and geographical environments,the study takes the household of poverty-stricken and poverty-relief in typical counties of Henan Province as the research objects and makes a comparative study of three different landform types(which includes plains,hills and mountains).A comparative study of different landform types,through the construction of multi-scale models of “household-village-county”,“household-village” and“household-county”.Through the research,this paper comprehensively analyzed the pauperization mechanism and elusion path in Henan Province,which will provide policy suggestions and theoretical reference for exploring the long-term mechanism of positive incentives and stable poverty eradication.The results show that:The poverty level of rural areas in Henan Province is generally between medium and light.Poverty-causing factors of poor peasant households are complex,and Different spatial scales and geographical environments have different poverty-causing factors.Among them,excessive family support burden,high medical expenditure,single source of income and excessive dependence on agricultural planting are the main factors for households to suffer poverty;the average elevation and cultivated land area of the village and the type of county landform,economic development level and investment in agriculture are all related to households.Poverty is directly related.Among different landform types,the burden of support for minors and the expenditure of medical expenses are the main factors leading to poverty among poverty households in Pingxian County;the dependence of household income on agricultural cropping and transfer income is the main poverty-reducing factor for poverty households in hilly county;Agricultural planting dependence is the core poverty-stricken factor of povertyhouseholds in mountainous counties.In terms of the mechanism of poverty alleviation,different spatial scales and different geographical environments are also significantly different.At different spatial scales,the family's family support burden and income structure affect the living conditions of households and their income sources,which in turn affects the living conditions of households;the natural location of the village,the resource endowment and the total population of the village affect the agricultural production conditions and the migrant workers.It affects the income structure and income level;the county's natural landforms and agricultural inputs directly affect agricultural subsidies and agricultural development conditions,which in turn affects the income structure of households.In different geographical environments,the plain area has a high burden of support and high medical expenses,which leads to a lack of labor and a decrease in income sources.In the hilly areas,the remoteness of the villages increases the proportion of income from the crop industry and increases the incidence of poverty in the villages.The poverty-stricken factors such as the location of the village,the total population of the village,and the per capita arable land area of the village mainly affect the poverty level of the households by affecting the proportion of the income of the households and the income of the households.In terms of poverty alleviation mechanism,households can reduce poverty from the income of the crop industry and the proportion of medical expenditures and obtain effective assistance to help them get rid of poverty.Compared with the financial assistance,households are more inclined to provide technical assistance and help the poverty households to get rid of poverty.Ability to stimulate its endogenous motivation for poverty alleviation.The increase in the proportion of healthy elderly population and perennial migrant workers can increase the per capita net income of households by affecting the increase in household transfer income,crop income,and employment income.The difference in the cultivated land area of the village affects the poverty alleviation effect by the proportion of the income of the poverty-stricken households.The larger the cultivated land area,the more the income of the farmer's crop industry and the smaller the proportion of labor income,thus reducing the per capita net income growth rate of the households.The difference between county location and per capita GDP has a significant impact on the income change of poverty-stricken households.The twoinfluence the poverty-stricken households' income ratio,which affects the poverty-stricken effect.The increase of county-level per capita GDP reflects the level of economic development in the region.Based on the above research conclusions,the path of poverty alleviation in Henan Province is as follows: the poverty alleviation of rural areas in Henan Province should adhere to the central unified deployment and rural revitalization strategy,and combine regional realities to implement regionalized multi-scale poverty reduction measures.Specialized breeding industry development,skills training,promotion of enterprise introduction and other projects to provide policy support and farmers' development risk protection;at the village level,actively promote the moderate scale operation of characteristic agriculture,organize households to carry out relevant vocational skills training,and create active civilized folk customs Inspire households to get rid of poverty;at the households level,focus on improving their ability to fight poverty,stimulate endogenous motivation,Strengthening educational functions and blocking intergenerational transmission of poverty. |
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