The Collective Action Of Rural Residential Land Withdrawal

As one of the main tasks of the rural residential land reform,the rural residential land withdrawal faces some dilemma and challenges,including the low motivation of the farmers during the withdrawal process,the phenomenon of hold-ups and the interest disputes over the distribution of land revenue.In fact,the above problems are all originated from the rural residential land withdrawal featured as collective action-the improvements in the village environment and the rural construction land use efficiency,the increase of farmers' income and even the development of rural areas all require large-scale withdrawal of rural residential land.The realization of these goals is a kind of collective interest.As rational actors,farmers tend to gain the collective benefits from the rural residential land withdrawal as much as possible,while they tend to afford the cost as little as possible.Consequently,the rural residential land withdrawal falls into the dilemma of collective action.In practice,various solutions to the collective action dilemma of rural residential land withdrawal occurred in the pilot areas where differ in biophysical conditions,socioeconomic background,actor characteristics,successfully realizing the collective action of rural residential land withdrawal.In this regard,this study tries investigate the following question:"How does the combination of biophysical conditions,community attributes,actor characteristics and institutional rules contribute to the collective action of rural residential land withdrawal successfully?"Initially,this study adopts the institutional analysis and development(IAD)framework,and selects biophysical conditions,socioeconomic attributes,actor characteristics and institutional rules as the major factors affecting the collective action of the rural residential land,based on the theories of collective action and common pool resources.And then a code book is compiled after clarifying the theoretical meaning and interconnection among each part,followed by which each specific stage and its corresponding features of rural residential land withdrawal in study areas(i.e.,Jinjiang County Fujian Province,Yiwu County Zhejiang Province,Lu County Sichuan Province and Yujiang County Jiangxi Province)are figured out.Subsequently,the cases are categorized in accordance with rural residential land size,actor size and location conditions to conduct formal concept analysis(FCA),and the archetype is extracted according to the proposed criteria.Finally,the results of archetype analysis are elaborated with a representative case for each archetype.The main conclusions of this study are as follo,ws.(1)There are different logic of collective action underlying the successful rural residential land withdrawal.Different combinations of biophysical conditions,community attributes,and actor characteristics aligns with different institutional designs.(2)The size of rural residential land and actors along with location conditions are vital factors affecting the successful collective action of rural residential land withdrawal.The collective action of large-scale rural residential land withdrawal is led by the government,and the collective action of small-scale rural residential land withdrawal is organized by village-level and market participation.(3)Internal control mechanism of the community,village elites,and social capital exert profound impact on promoting small-scale collective action of rural residential land withdrawal.To my limited knowledge,the possible contributions of this study are listed below.(1)From the perspective of collective action theory,rural residential land withdrawal is considered as the supply of rural collective goods,contributing to the expansion of collective action theory.(2)Through the archetype analysis,the non-linear and compound causality concerning the influencing factors of the rural residential land withdrawal is revealed,which is significant to drawing the reproducible and propagable implications for governing collective action of rural residential land withdraw in diverse regions.