Study On The Meteorological Disaster Relief For Different Types Of Villages In Wuling Mountain Area

The intensification of global climate change leads to the increasing of the intensity and frequency of meteorological disasters.In the erosion of meteorological disasters,China's rural areas had relatively backward development is restricted to poverty tolls,tolls back into poverty seriously.Disaster relief is an important strategy to reduce climate poverty in China.However,the existing relief policy is difficult to adapt to the characteristics of frequent and easy occurrence of meteorological disasters,and also ignores the different forms of Chinese rural areas after experiencing reform and opening up and urbanization.The different types of rural differentiation show different capabilities in the aspects of economic development,infrastructure and social governance,which results in different perception and adaptability of rural areas to meteorological disasters.Wuling mountain as a typical area of former revolutionary base areas,in recent years,affected by meteorological disasters seriously,rural development is blocked,where need for an urgent meteorological disaster relief measures.Therefore,taking the Wuling mountain 5 counties and 11 villages as an example,in the basic of the field investigation and survey data of 1100 households and the depth interviews in 11 villages,combined with the actual situation of the local investigation,using the model of evaluation of rural community evaluate the ability to cope with meteorological disasters,using the means of combining quantitative analysis with qualitative analysis,finding the different characteristics while the Wuling mountain village in the face of meteorological disasters,finally provide effective suggestions to improve meteorological disaster relief measures.The main research results are as follows:(1)In the perspective of "inhabitation" of Changyang County,carry out three field observation points of disaster anthropology,analysis of the transformation of its form from the course of the development of the village,analyzes its present situation from three aspects of population,land and industry,Wuling mountain villages are divided into three types: Tourist Village,professional village and hollow village.In the tourist village,labor force account for relatively large,rural tourism industry is the pillar industry.Professional villages generally rely on their own excellent ecological environment,introduce suitable industrial types,develop their own economy.Hollow village economic conditions are relatively backward,there is no major industry,the majority of the villagers in the village are elders and almost no ability to work,resulting in the weakening of the rural industry.(2)The analysis of three aspects of village economic conditions,infrastructure conditions and social governance basis to clarify the differences in the capacity of various types of villages to reduce disaster and disaster reduction.The tourism village has strong economic foundation,good industrial development,high traffic convenience,perfect housing,health and other infrastructure,high level of governance,high political participation of villagers.The economic foundation of professional village is good but single in industrial structure;there is convenient transportation and high land utilization;the village agricultural cooperatives participate in the village governance.Hollow village has a weak economic foundation,backward infrastructure,low social governance level.(3)Based on the social cognitive model of Grothmann and other scholars build personal adaptation to climate change,the individual response to climate change needs through observation,perception,intention and action stage,on climate change perception is divided into risk perception and adaptation of perception,is the key link to the behavior of farmers.Therefore,a cognitive model of climate change is constructed to study the perception and adaptation of farmers in Wuling mountain area to climate change and its impact.The empirical analysis shows that the tourism village,farmers may know,serious sexy enhance knowledge,perceived competence,perceived effect,social capital and psychological capital,is beneficial to farmers to adapt to the intention;professional village,farmers' knowledge and perception may be sexy effect is stronger,more rich,natural capital character more optimistic.The farmers to adapt to the intention of the more intense,but serious perception is stronger,to adapt to the intention of the weak;help to adapt to the intention of rural hollow village social capital and psychological capital increase,but the effect of perception has a negative effect,other factors had no significant effect on the intention to.(4)Using the Delphy scoring method,community vulnerability,capacity assessment(CVCA)and disaster risk and vulnerability assessment(HIRV)were used to calculate the environmental vulnerability,social vulnerability,resilience and comprehensive vulnerability of each village.Through the analysis of vulnerability,we draw the following conclusions: from the whole,social conditions have a greater impact on the overall vulnerability,and there is a negative relationship between resilience and overall vulnerability.Through comparison and analysis,the ten villages can be divided into the following categories:The first category is environmental vulnerability,that is,villages with high comprehensive vulnerability due to environmental vulnerability.The general geographical environment,the agricultural income as the pillar and the single industrial structure of the professional village belongs to this type.The second one is social vulnerability.It mainly refers to the areas with relatively high comprehensive vulnerability caused by backward development and poor social conditions.The general hollow village belongs to this category.The third type is the intermediate type.The natural geographical environment and social conditions are at the intermediate level.The overall vulnerability is not very high,and has certain disaster coping ability.The fourth one is the low vulnerability type,which means the villages with good natural geographical environment and social conditions are relatively good,and the ability to deal with calamities is strong.Tourism Villages belong to this type.According to this division,we can effectively understand the strengths and weaknesses of every village,and provide targeted rescue policies accordingly,so as to improving the current situation of the region and promoting the development of villages.