The Empirical Study On The Impact Of Rural Labor Mobility In Gansu Province On Urban-Rural Income Gap

During 40-year development of reform and opening up,economic and social development have made remarkable achievements.As economy entering new normal,the growth has shifted from high-speed to medium-high speed.Meanwhile,the evolution of urban modernization driven by economic development is in conspicuous contact with lagging rural economy,which obviously reflects in the continued expansion of urban-rural income gap.Rural labor,the largest part of labor resources reserve,migrates from rural to urban areas,from agriculture to non-agriculture under force of the income gap,expecting to abtain high income and enhance living standard.Therefore,a large-scale population migration has occurred in the process of development.Whether the expected income could be abtained and what effects brought to urban-rural income gap for the rural labor engaging in non-agricultural industries,which is worth further studying on rural labor mobility.Located in northwest China with complex geographical environment and limited to lacation,resources and climate,Gansu Province is at a low level on the economic development.As a major province in northwest China on outputing population and labor force,Gansu Province occupies an important position in the strategies of Western Development and The Belt and Road,whose rural labor mobility is promoting the transformation of socio-economic development and eliminating poverty to build a over-off society.Under the perspective of rural labor mobility,this article is based on the theory of the influence of labor mobility on the income gap between urban and rural areas,the mathematical equation is established to explore the relationship between the size of rural labor mobility and urban-rural income.By collecting data,this paper overviews the characteristics of rural labor mobility in Gansu Province,gender structure,overall cultural quality level,regional distribution characteristics of inflow and outflow,and so on.Descriptive statistical analysis method was used to analyze the current situation and influencing factors of the urban-rural income gap in Gansu Province,the changing trend of rural labor mobility and urban-rural income gap with a comprehensive analysis.Through the establishment of a panel data measurement model for 14 cities and counties in Gansu Province from 2003 to 2015,the results were found that the increasing scale of rural labor mobility can effectivelynarrow the urban-rural income gap,but other factors which affect the urban-rural income gap will weaken this convergence effect.For example,the labor market in the urban secondary and tertiary industries has discriminated and unfairly dealt with the rural labor force,and the accumulation of human capital that has been changed by education has,on the contrary,caused the talent spillover in rural areas and other factors to widen the income gap between urban and rural areas.The significant income gap between urban and rural areas is still the main driving force for rural labor mobility,and the scale of rural labor mobility will continue to increase,but the growth rate will decline.Based on the research results,the government should take measures,such as improve the quality of rural laborers,develop rural economy to increase farmers' income,raise the wages of migrant workers and improve the fluid environment,improve the labor market and promote labor mobility,and so on,promoting the rational flow of rural labor in Gansu Province,and thus change the pattern of unfair income distribution in urban and rural areas.