Analysis Of The Correlation Between Parenting Knowledge Of Caregivers And Infants’ Social Emotions In Rural Areas

Since Reform and Opening,China’s economy has achieved rapid development and has made tremendous achievements,more importantly China has successfully entered the ranks of middle-income countries.At this stage,China’s economic growth rate has slowed down,and economic development has entered the "new normal".Reform is the only way for development.China is facing the biggest challenge is how to cross the"middle-income trap",successfully entered the ranks of high-income countries.To achieve such a leap,it is necessary to increase investment in human capital.The first few years of life are a critical period for human growth and development.They have an important impact on the achievements of human life and are the key and fundamental to human development.It is of great significance to improve human capital in the future by preparing for early development of infants and young children.At the same time,the improvement of the level of human capital will provide a solid guarantee for the sound and rapid development of the economy.James Heckman.Nobel laureate in economics,believes that the infant stage is the period with the highest rate of return on investment in life,and in the process of forming individual abilities,the sooner you intervene,the more you can generate a return on investment.The study on the early social emotional development of infants is of great practical significance.Many studies have shown that those factors below have been involved with children’s social emotional development:parents’ parenting knowledge,breastfeeding methods,the sensitivity of the parents,the emotional state of the mother during the perinatal period,whether the child is the only child,the education level of the parents and family atmosphere,among which parenting knowledge is the basis of social emotional development.This study collected data of 693 infants from 56 villages in 44 townships in 7 counties of Shangluo City,Shaanxi Province.On the basis of empirical research,this paper discusses the correlation between the knowledge of parenting and the social emotional ability of infants in the poor rural areas of China.The main contents are as follows:first,it describes the current situation of the knowledge of parenting in rural areas of China;second,it describes the current situation of social emotion of infants in rural areas of China;thirdly,it analyzes the correlation between the level of knowledge and the social emotional development of infants and young children in rural areas.Through data analysis,this study found that:(1)first there are social affective development problems in more than half-of the rural infants(51.52%).According to the related factors that affect the social affective development of infants,the sex of infants and whether they are premature,the educational level o.f mother and the age of mother have significant influence on the development of social affection of infants.Male infants are more likely to have social affective problems than female infants,and infants of full gestational age have better social affective performance than premature infants.The social affective development of infants with higher educational level of mothers is better than those with lower educational levels of mothers.At the same time,the mothers older than 25 years old can help better with the social affective development of infants.(2)In our country,caregivers of inf-ants in poor rural areas have a general lack of’parenting scientific expertise:So far,we have a low level of education for caregivers of infants in poor rural areas.The test mean was 0.54,with a minimum of 0.18.and most of the access to parenting knowledge is not scientifically reliable.Most of caregivers do not know much about infant behavior principle,parenting,infant safety and health.In terms of the relevant factors in parenting behavior,the mother’s level of education,whether the infant is born prematurely,whether the mother is mainly caregiver and whether the family enjoys the minimum living standard allowances has a significant relationship with caregivers’ nurturing knowledge.(3)In poor rural areas,there is a significant correlation between the caregiver’s parenting knowledge and the infant’s social emotional development.The more the caregiver’s parenting knowledge,the lower the infant’s social emotion score.This indicates that the caregiver who has abundant scientific knowledge of parenting can promote the infant’s social emotional development.Based on the above conclusions,the following suggestion are made:The situation of the development of the infant’s social emotion in poor rural areas in China is very serious.Parents should raise their own awareness of their infant and parenting knowledge.We should also pay more attention to the infant social emotional development at the national level.The government needs to provide more support for nurturing in rural poverty,such as the free infant development centers,the parent nurture training program,the rising of the mother’s education level and the more aggressive policy support to help the rural economic development,etc.