Masere Criticized The Structural View In The Theory

Pierre Macherey,a French Marxist philosopher and literary critic,was hailed by Terry Eagleton as "one of the most challenging,genuinely innovatory of contemporary Marxist critics",Warren Montag also praised Macherey as "among the most fertile,imaginative and subtle of contemporary thinkers".Macherey followed Althusser and applied the concepts of Althusser to literary criticism.At the same time,he reversed and corrected Althusser's theory and presented a special structure concept in his critical practice.Different from the coherent "whole" of Structuralism,Macherey uses a non-whole concept of "structure" that acts as necessity.This view of structure appears in literary criticism as the production and transformation of literature on history and ideology.It is not the actual thing that can be abstracted,but a way of thinking that is presented in the form of the text's "effect".Macherey's critical methods combines literary criticism with social historical criticism.His purpose is not only to interpret the object of criticism but also to change it.His criticism shows the characteristics of Macherey as a Marxist critic.And his theory of critical criticism also occupies an important position in it.This paper mainly discusses the problem of structure in the Macherey theory from his research in the 1960s to the early 1970s.It is divided into three parts:Introduction,Body and Summary.The Introduction mainly summarizes the academic history,major works of Macherey,the current research status of Macherey at home and abroad,and introduces the research ideas and methods of this paper.The first chapter mainly summarizes the specific concept of structure of Macherey,and clarifies the Macherey theory by clarifying the historical context and theoretical context of him.To highlight Macherey's opinions of structuralism as a member of the" structuralist Marxism”trend through a close reading of relevant texts.Pointing out his "non-whole" tendency,pointing out that his concept of structure is actually rejecting coherent unity and rejecting the "organic whole".At the same time,the structure for Macherey is not an ontological meaning which hidden inside,but something that Macherey borrows to think about the real complexity and diversity within things.It is a way to understand a work as having the "free necessity."The second chapter of the main text mainly carries out the concrete development of the structure concept of Macherey.Exploring the factors in the literary works that play the role of "necessity" through the close reading of Macherey's Literature Production Theory and related theoretical texts,get the specific understanding and combing of Macherey's structure concept through the anchoring of the relationship between literature,history and ideology,Macherey's "structure" is actually similar to the "vanishing point" in painting theory,which is "absence" and acts externally.It is not a separable entity.Literature produces historical reality and ideology,and at the same time distorts them.In this chapter,through the discussion of Macherey's specific critical practice and compared with the criticism of Engels and Lukacs,this deformation mechanism of literature will be sorted out to show Macherey's inheritance and development.The third chapter of the main text discusses the post-structuralist signs of Macherey's structural view in the structuralist tendency from three aspects:dissolving meaning,overthrowing order,and breaking the seal.we summed up the influence of Macherey on contemporary ideology criticism and put forward the problem of"totalization" of ideology in contemporary cultural studies through Eagleton and Jameson's theory of political criticism.This will guide and inspire our literary criticism in the new era.The conclusions of this paper:1.Macherey's understanding of the "structure"mainly comes from Spinoza,Marx and Althusser,studying in the field of"superstructure",presenting a special material criticism;2.The concept of "structure"is mainly used by Macherey to imagine and describe the complex composition of text.Structure is a kind of "absence" based on conflict.In literature,this structure is presented as a decentered structure that the text shows power to history and ideology,the text produce and change them,it presented with positive power;3.Macherey's theory provides an important methodological and direction for contemporary Marxist criticism,and also clears many obstacles for our literary critical practice.