Research On Academic Achievements And Characteristics Of Pediatrics Before Song

"life and growth in nature" is one of the most important concepts in Chinese traditional culture.The population and children's health are also social problems that have been paid attention to in all dynasties.Therefore,"pediatric medicine" came into being.However,"Pediatrics" is known as "dumb Department",which puts forward high requirements for the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric diseases.Therefore,in the background of ancient Chinese medicine theory,in the long-term social medical practice,paediatrics of traditional Chinese medicine has its unique and distinct development track.Before the Song Dynasty,it was a critical period for the development of Pediatrics in traditional Chinese medicine,which laid a foundation for the enrichment and maturity of Pediatrics in later generations.By collecting and sorting out the descriptions of paediatrics of traditional Chinese medicine scattered in various ancient books and documents before Song Dynasty,taking the time sequence as the axis,this paper makes a vertical and clear evolution track of paediatrics of traditional Chinese medicine before Song Dynasty from the perspective of history,and combs the academic development and achievements of paediatrics of traditional Chinese medicine horizontally from the perspectives of physiology and pathology,diagnosis and treatment,and understanding of diseases.Through the research method of combination of front-line and multi-point,we can excavate valuable resources from the existing literature description,roughly restore the historical evolution of paediatrics of traditional Chinese medicine from germination to establishment,to a certain extent reflect the academic development of paediatrics of traditional Chinese medicine before the Song Dynasty,in order to make the past serve the present and the literature help the clinical.In the six forms of the word "Ji" in the oracle bone inscriptions in the pre Qin period,there was a record of "Ji zi" in paediatric diseases.Wu Fang in Shan Hai Jing is the earliest pediatrician in China."Infantile epilepsy" and "infantile spasm" appeared in the silk book Prescriptions of Fifty-two Diseases of the Western Han Dynasty,which is an early record of pediatric diseases in ancient medical books.The theory of Pediatrics has been expounded in Huang Di Nei Jing,which is known as the ancestor of medical books.According to the historical records,Bian que entered Xianyang as a paediatric doctor.The Cranial Fontanelle Classic,written in the Han and Tang Dynasties,is the first existing pediatric monograph in China.Sun Simiao,the great doctor of Tang Dynasty,had "the first woman and children It is also the discussion of "the meaning of respecting the root".Before the Song Dynasty,understanding of children's physiological aspects,first,draw the children's age boundary,as children under the age of 16-18;Secondly,the laws of the whole process of growth and development from the gestation period to the post-birth period of children are summarized,and the time nodes such as crawling,sitting,standing,walking,coughing and laughing,leaning language and answering people are discussed in detail.The objective phenomenon that the growth cycle of men and women is not synchronized and girls are earlier than boys is also recognized,and the theory of Traditional Chinese medicine is explained.Third,to recognize the physiological characteristics of children,in the zang-fu delicate,the shape of qi is not filled at the same time,and the performance is vigorous,rapid development;Fourth,realize that periodic fever will occur during the growth and development of children,accompanied by some special symptoms.Doctors believe that children generally do not need treatment if they are not in pain.The theory of Bianzheng was put forward to explain this phenomenon,and it was pointed out that changing steam to grow Qi and blood for children.Before the Song Dynasty,in terms of the understanding of children's pathology,firstly,it was found that although children are easy to get sick and rapidly spread,if they are treated in time,they are easy to recover,which provides a basis for the diagnosis and treatment of children;secondly,it was pointed out that the causes of children's disease are similar to adults,but only external,internal and other factors.However,due to its special physiological and pathological characteristics,especially in the three aspects of exogenous,milk and food,and scare,it is the pathogenic factor of children's frequent diseases.Thirdly,the theory of fetal toxin enriches the understanding of the causes of children and explains the causes and pathogenesis of some special diseases.A clear understanding of children's pathology is of great significance to children's daily maintenance and disease treatment.Before the Song Dynasty,in terms of the knowledge of children's diagnosis,we generally adopted the method of "looking,hearing,asking,cutting,diagnosing and consulting".However,in the specific diagnosis method,because the children's mind is not complete,the consultation is mostly based on their guardians;because the children's development is not complete,compared with adults,the pulse position is shorter,to the number is faster,about 7-8 to the flat pulse,so the observation is particularly important in the diagnosis of children.In addition,according to the characteristics of children's delicate skin,the development of children's fingerprint diagnosis is of great significance for children under 3 years old.However,before the Song Dynasty,it was still in the early stage of the formation of the method of fingerprint diagnosis for children,and there were some related discussions,but they were not perfect.Before the Song Dynasty,in terms of the understanding of children's treatment,the treatment and medication were generally in accordance with adults.However,due to the physiological characteristics of children's unfilled form and Qi and delicate viscera,they are easy to be transmitted and recovered.In the treatment of children's diseases,we need to be careful not to use acupuncture and moxibustion in vain,but also need to be treated in time to prevent transmission from becoming critical and serious syndrome.At this time,we can quickly recover.In the treatment of children's diseases,because of the poor compliance of children's medication,the external treatment of drugs with rich types and flexible operation is a bright spot,and children's skin is delicate and easy to absorb drugs from the skin,external medication is an effective treatment way.In addition,acupuncture,simple surgery and post conditioning care are also involved.Before the Song Dynasty,in terms of the understanding of children's diseases,the author elaborated on children's various specific diseases from four major syndromes,common diseases and other diseases.At this time,the "four pediatric syndromes" have not been formed,and the differential diagnosis is not very clear,but we have a certain understanding of four critical diseases of children,namely,anesthesia,pox,shock and chancre,and we have explained their causes,pathogenesis,symptoms and treatment.And because children are often injured by exogenous and dairy food,three common diseases of children,cold,fever and stagnation,are described in detail.In addition,there are three miscellaneous syndromes of children's nocturnal crying,abnormal skull fontanelle and five tardiness,which have been mentioned by many doctors in the past dynasties,so they are listed separately in the article.Generally speaking,the period before Song Dynasty was the foundation stage of the formation of paediatrics of traditional Chinese medicine,which initially established the basic academic framework of paediatrics of traditional Chinese medicine,created a good beginning for paediatrics of traditional Chinese medicine,and provided a solid foundation for the gradual enrichment and maturity of paediatrics of later generations.