Research On The Evaluation Of Port Competitiveness Considering The Capacity Of Collection And Distribution

With the continuous deepening of the process of economic globalization,multinational companies in various parts of the world carry out the procurement,production,sales and aftersales service of raw materials on a global scale.Maritime transportation is still the main way of global cargo transportation,and its efficiency and effectiveness directly affect the speed and cost of goods in the world.As the main component of maritime transportation and the link connecting inland hinterland and ocean transportation,ports play a huge role in the transportation process.However,the increase in shipping demand has also brought about increased competition.Port services have also been upgraded from the original "port-to-port" transport to "door-to-door" transport,and multimodal operations have become an important tool for achieving "door-to-door" transport.It is a transportation mode that combines various transportation modes and is also an important embodiment of the port’s collection and distribution capacity.It has gradually become an important factor for the carrier to choose a port and a future port development direction that the port manager will focus on.This article has compiled a large amount of relevant literature on port competition,investigated the criteria for port selection of shipping companies in China and Africa,collected data through questionnaire surveys and interviews to determine the port competitiveness evaluation indicators,and combined the latest port development with the port Collection and transportation capacity as an important assessment factor.This paper chooses the data envelopment analysis(DEA),fuzzy network analytic hierarchy process(FANP),and quality function deployment(QFD)methods to study port competition strategies from two aspects.Firstly,using the FANP-QFD method,from the perspective of the shipping company,considering the shipping company’s criteria for selecting the port,the macro standards were determined,and different standards were given corresponding weights,so that the ports were comprehensively ranked and analyzed.From the perspective,to measure the efficiency of the port,choose micro-indicators,make a comprehensive evaluation of the port with the number of berths at the port and dock,the number of ships in and out of the port,the number of vehicles entering and leaving the port,and the throughput of the container.Finally,the three major ports in China with long-term competition and the two ports in Africa were selected as cases,and a comprehensive evaluation and analysis of port competitiveness was carried out according to their actual operating conditions.The research results show that the evaluation criteria of port competitiveness vary from region to region.Port costs and service levels are the most influential factors for shipping companies to choose Chinese ports.Port costs and infrastructure conditions are the most important factors for shipping companies to choose African ports.The port collection and distribution capacity is a factor that shipping companies take into account when choosing ports in different regions.Therefore,from the perspective of developing port collection and distribution capacity,this article provides port managers with theoretical basis for optimizing resource allocation,improving efficiency and operating effects and benefits,as well as providing references and applications for carriers to choose the most appropriate port.