The Historical Development Of Hui-style Dwellings In Southern Shaanxi

Traditional residences refer to the residential buildings of ordinary people.They are the most basic type of architectures,which are often used traditional materials and constructed with traditional methods.As a kind of cultural phenomenon,traditional residences are closely related to regional geographical and humanistic environment,thus showing extremely regional difference.Hui-style residences are a kind of typical buildings in Huizhou area.During the process of developing,Huizhou-style residences are influenced by local unique geographical environment and humanistic factors,showing theirs unique style in layout,shape,decorations,function and so on.During the Ming and Qing Dynasties,with entrance of Huizhou immigrants and the power of Huizhou commercial groups,Hui-style residences began to spread out.Taking the Hui-style residences in the south of Shaanxi as research objects,combined with the data of field investigation,the records of the local chronicles,official classics,genealogy and other literature materials,this paper comprehensively used the methods and theories of many interdisciplinary disciplines,such as history,geography,architecture,sociology,etc.Based on Hui-style residences,this paper studied the architectural characteristics of Hui-style residences,the historical remains of Hui-style residences in southern Shaanxi,contrasts the similarities and differences between native Hui-style residences and Hui-style residences in southern Shaanxi,and then explores the propagation and expansion of the Hui-style residences in southern Shaanxi.Generally speaking,the birth of Hui-style residences in southern Shaanxi was inextricably linked with the immigration policies of Sichuan and Shaanxi during the Ming and Qing Dynasties as well as the Huizhou merchants who developed to the peak during the Ming and Qing dynasties.The impact of Hui-style residences are also multi-faceted:the exterior of the building,the interior decoration,the location of the homestead and so on.Influenced by the complicated natural and human environment,architectural style s are different in different regions.The constructions,decorations and materials are also unique.The idea of "the unity of nature and man" is the primary criterion for the construction of traditional local residential buildings in China,which means all personnel conforming to the law of nature and achieving harmony between man and nature.This kind of thinking works in architecture,meaning that architecture must follow the laws of nature,adapt to local conditions,and achieve a kind of friendly harmony.This reflect in Hui-style residences can be seen everywhere.In terms of residences site selection,people regard the feng shui as important as possible.The most abundant wood was used to construct the residences.The design of the house and the decoration of the house echo the climate and human environment too.Hui-style residences were born in the south of the Yangtze River and then introduced to southern Shaanxi.In this process,it is not a simple process of replicating or transplanting,but a complex transformation of architectural style.The formation of Hui-style residences in the south of Shaanxi is a long and complicated process,which went along with the influence of Hui-style residences.Through this process,Hui-style residences have new artistic features and architectural forms.