Engels' Ecological View Of Nature And Its Contemporary Value Research

The construction of ecological civilization is an important part of the overall layout of "five in one" in China and the foundation of sustainable development in China.Nowadays,the construction of ecological civilization in China is still facing severe challenges,and the contradiction between economic development and ecological protection is still prominent.On the basis of clarifying the related concepts,this article systematically sorts out and summarizes the ecological nature view in the Dialectics of Nature from its background,main content and contemporary value.Engels ecological view of nature has its specific generative background.Capitalist predatory production methods exploit and utilize nature without restraint,breaking the maximum capacity of ecosystem self-repair,and the natural environment is greatly damaged.In the Dialectics of Nature,Engels based on the 19 th century "three great discoveries" and other natural science achievements containing universal connection,on the basis of criticizing and inheriting the German classical philosophy view of nature,overcome the limitations of capitalist mechanical view of nature,and build a systematic view of ecological nature.Engels' ecological view of nature covers the main contents of "theory of natural evolution "theory of relationship between man and nature" and "theory of natural revenge ",which has distinct theoretical characteristics of materialism and dialectics,practicality and foresight."The theory of natural evolution" explores the law of natural generation and evolution,thus revealing the origin and evolution of human beings,which is the theoretical basis of Engels' ecological view of nature."The theory of relationship between man and nature" is the core topic of Engels' view of ecological nature.It scientifically states that nature is a natural and self-regulating ecosystem,"man is the product of nature "and depends on nature.Compared with nature,man is the unity of initiative and passivity.Human beings can actively transform nature,but also passively accept the results imposed by nature on human beings.Therefore,the finally pursue is the harmony and unity between man and nature."The theory of natural revenge" focuses on the causes of ecological imbalance and the path of elimination.Natural revenge on human beings is not natural "initiative to provoke ",but human being forced to accept their own practical activities.Therefore,only by putting human practical activities under the laws of nature can we finally achieve the ideal state of harmonious symbiosis between man and nature.In the Dialectics of Nature,Engels pointed out that the capitalist system is the root of the imbalance of natural ecology.The inherent contradiction between the socialization of production in capitalist society and the private possession of means of production not only directly leads to the unfairness of the distribution of capitalist labor products,but also highlights the asymmetry of the ecological consequences.That is,the bourgeoisie becomes the possessor of the productand the user of the high quality ecological environment,while the proletariat loses the possession of the labor products and becomes the direct victim of the deterioration of the ecological environment.Therefore,changing the unreasonable capitalist system and constructing the reasonable social system are the fundamental to realize the reconciliation between man and nature.Engels' view of natural ecology has important theoretical guidance and practical enlightenment to promote the construction of ecological civilization in China.On the one hand,it has important theoretical guiding significance for the construction of ecological civilization in China.Man and nature are not simple opposites between subject and object,nature needs to break through as the objective existence of passivity,and human beings should also transcend negative inaction.These views are the theoretical forerunner of General Secretary Xi Jinping's thought of "four ones" in ecological civilization.On the other hand,it provides practical enlightenment for the construction of ecological civilization in China.The tragic lesson of ecological imbalance and natural revenge makes us realize the unity of man and nature.So far,how to deal with the relationship between economic development and ecological protection is particularly important.We adhere to the "ecology is productivity" as the guide,relying on scientific and technological innovation to create a new normal for economic development,so as to achieve the goal of sustainable development of man and nature,and build a beautiful China.