Research On Routing Optimization Of WSN Based On Improved Ant Colony Algorithm

Wireless Sensor Network(WSN)is a kind of wireless intelligent network composed of many sensor nodes by self-organization and multi-hop transmission.Sensor nodes can cooperate to detect and collect all kinds of information in the monitoring area,and then transmit it to the observer through the network after processing.At present,WSN has a very high application value.It has been widely used in military,agriculture,medical,transportation and many other fields.With the development of 5g era and mobile Internet of things era in the future,WSN will also be an indispensable part.Since the energy supply of most WSN sensor nodes is provided by its own battery and it is difficult to replenish,these are directly related to the network life cycle at the hardware level.Therefore,the life cycle of the network is an important issue in wireless sensor networks.At the same time,the routing path selection of wireless sensor network also has a certain impact on the network life.If the routing path is far,the long-distance data transmission will cause the node energy consumption to be too fast.If the routing path selection stays on the sensor node with low energy for a long time,the node will die too fast due to too many receiving and forwarding tasks.Based on these circumstances,this thesis mainly aims at improving the algorithms under different types of routing protocols,so recommendations are made based on the existing routing algorithms and the improved ant colony algorithm is applied to the routing optimization of wireless sensor networks:1.In DD algorithm,improvements are proposed for the energy consumption problem and optimal path method in the algorithm routing path establishment process.These improvements are mainly reflected in the gradient establishment process and the path enhancement process.Firstly,based on ant colony algorithm,a variety of energy factors and exploration angle factors are introduced into the transfer probability function.Secondly,in the pheromone update mechanism,an update method based on path distance and energy is also proposed.The pheromone generated by the improved ant colony algorithm is used to establish the gradient,and the path generated by the algorithm is used to replace the route establishment in the path enhancement process.Simulation results show that the improved algorithm is more suitable for large networknodes than the original protocol,and improves the life cycle of the network,and is more reasonable in path selection.2.In LEACH algorithm,improvements are proposed for the neglect of cluster head energy consumption in the algorithm and the way of cluster head and sink node routing.These improvements are mainly reflected in the cluster head establishment phase and the inter-cluster transmission phase.First of all,a variety of energy factors are introduced into the cluster head establishment stage to fully consider the cluster head energy factors,so as to reduce energy consumption to a certain extent.Secondly,in the stage of inter cluster transmission,the improved ant colony algorithm is used to plan the communication route between cluster heads,instead of the single hop route of cluster heads in the original algorithm.Simulation results show that the new algorithm greatly extends the life cycle of the network,and is still applicable in large-scale network scenarios.