Research On Joint Distribution And Path Optimization Of IoT Cold Chain Logistics For Fresh Agricultural Products

At present,in the environment of rapid development of fresh electricity and new retail changes,the cold chain logistics industry has entered a period of rapid development.According to statistics from the China Federation of Cold Chain Committee,the demand for China's cold chain logistics services has reached 180 million tons in 2018,an increase of 22.1% compared with 2017.The market size has exceeded 300 billion yuan,a year-on-year increase of 19%.But behind the market boom,China's cold chain logistics companies are fragmented,small in scale,high in operating costs,and low in average net profit(maintained at around 3%).For fresh e-commerce logistics,the lack of cold chain logistics infrastructure equipment,high technical barriers,and large capital investment limits the chain-breaking and cargo damage in the distribution process,the transportation cost is high,and the timeliness is poor,information distortion,real-time supervision difficulties,all directly affect customer satisfaction.Therefore,how to improve the cold chain logistics distribution efficiency and reduce the distribution cost is very important for fresh e-commerce and cold chain logistics enterprises.With the application of Internet of Things technology,the Internet of Things technology with form intelligence,operation automation and service information brings new opportunities for change in cold chain logistics.Barcode,RFID,infrared sensing and other technologies enhance the transparency and real-time of the cold chain logistics distribution process,aiming to improve distribution efficiency,enhance information sharing,and improve the competitiveness of fresh e-commerce.The consumption of funds related to cold chain logistics and distribution facilities is large;it is difficult for a single fresh e-commerce to build a cold chain logistics distribution system;the third-party cold chain logistics distribution enterprise is selected based on fresh e-commerce,and many other fresh electricity are combined.The company implements joint distribution,selects a reasonable distribution route,and studies the problem of minimizing the total cost of distribution under the conditions of introducing Internet of Things technology,and insists on problem-oriented.Firstly,on the basis of collecting and collating relevant domestic and foreign literatures,the paper summarizes the issues related to the optimization of Internet of Things,fresh e-commerce,joint distribution and cold chain logistics distribution.Secondly,it studies the problems and causes of fresh e-commerce in the cold chain logistics distribution,and explains the utility of fresh e-commerce under the common distribution mode,the composition of the common distribution mode and the operation process of the promotion and application of the Internet of Things technology.Aiming at the problem of the distribution route of the cold chain logistics enterprises selected by fresh e-commerce,the function model of minimizing the total cost of vehicle use,transportation cost,cargo damage cost,penalty cost and the using cost of IoT technology is established.Objective function constraints such as the number of service customers and the vehicle quantity.Finally,using the design ideas and algorithms of genetic algorithm,through the actual examples,the analysis of the cold chain logistics distribution path optimization is carried out,and the path optimization and total cost minimization before and after the common distribution mode are compared and analyzed,and the use of Internet of Things technology is introduced.The total cost is minimized and the results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the model.The research conclusions show that the total cost of the fresh-food agricultural product IoT cold chain logistics common distribution mode is the lowest,and the distribution path can be optimized.