Research And Design Of Dual-Mode Low Power Injection-Locked Frequency Dividers

Frequency dividers are widely used in various electronic systems,such as prescalers in phase-locked loops,frequency synthesizers for generating various frequency signals,local oscillator generators and clock recovery circuits.These electronic modules can produce all kinds of local oscillating signals and all kinds of frequency signals needed by signal processing.They are widely used in military fields and national daily life such as computers,communications,radar,medical treatments,smart homes and so on.A dual mode frequency divider based on injection locking technique is proposed in this paper.Firstly,the effect of frequency traction is introduced.Based on the theory of injection locking,the theory and key performance parameters of injection locked frequency dividers are summarized,providing the theoretical support for this paper.Then structures and characteristics of the common injection locking frequency divider circuits are introduced to provide the reference ideas of the circuits for the design and realization.Finally,the design is completed under the guidance of the theory and the circuits.It provides a technical reference for the subsequent design of the injection locked frequency dividers.The advantages and innovations of the design in this paper are mainly reflected in the following aspects:firstly,the substrate bias structure is used to reduce the threshold voltage,thereby reducing the power supply voltage.At the same time,compared with the traditional types of signal generators,the oscillators in the current reused form can reduce the power consumption for more than a half.secondly,we use the double injections and the direct injection mode.Double injections structure can provide the second harmonic oscillation to achieve three division when injected the signals in different and achieve divide-by-two when injecting the signals in the same phase with high injection efficiency,expanding the working range of the divider.Finally,in order to overcome the limitation of the inherent narrow range of injection locking technique,the switched capacitor array is designed in this paper.It expands the locking range more widely and improves the overall performance of the frequency divider.After the completion of the design above,this paper uses SMIC 180nm 1P6M technology to complete the layout of the frequency divider.Assura tools are used for DRC and LVS validation,and QRC is used to extract parasitic resistances and capacitances.The results of simulation show that,when the injection power of the injected signal is 0dBm,the range of two frequency divider is 8.74GHz-10.78GHz(20.9%),the range of three frequency divider is 13.15GHz-16.23GHz(20.97%).In the 1V power supply voltage,power consumption is 1.43mW.The layout area is0.110mm~2(0.399mm*0.267mm),compared with the same type of divider structures,it has significant advantages in power consumption,area,the locking range and so on.