Research On Wireless Sensor Network Deployment Algorithm Along High-speed Railway

With the rapid development of high-speed railways in China,China has already possessed the world's largest and highest operating speed high-speed railway network.While the high-speed railway has significantly shortened the travel time of passengers and played a role in promoting the economic development of the region along the route,the safety issues of high-speed railways have also become increasingly prominent.In order to ensure the safe operation of high-speed railways,a Wireless Sensor Network is used to effectively monitor high-speed railway tracks to provide early warning and alarm work to ensure the safe operation of high-speed railways.Wireless sensor nodes have the characteristics of low cost,self-organization,and the ability to acquire and process data.Compared with the existing wired mode,wireless sensor networks have great advantages in terms of application and maintenance costs,stability and reliability.It is against this background that this paper has studied the wireless sensor network along the high-speed railway.This dissertation mainly focuses on the deployment of linear one-dimensional WSN nodes.It uses linear WSN,node coverage and energy balance technology as theoretical research techniques to establish a linear one-dimensional WSN model suitable for use along high-speed railways and proposes high-speed railways along the route.The WSN node deployment strategy will improve the ant colony routing algorithm service routing protocol.The main contents and research results of the paper are as follows:(1)Firstly,study the problems of optimizing the deployment and balancing the overall network energy consumption of linear WSN nodes.The deployment strategy of existing wireless sensor nodes is mainly applicable to planar networks and does not apply to the environment along the high-speed railways and along the railways.The situation,at the same time,considers that the problems caused by the "energy hole" in the existing linear WSN deployment strategy will cause the nodes in the network to collect data but cannot pass it to the sink node.In order to solve the above problems,this dissertation improves the existing deployment strategy of linear WSN nodes.Firstly,the energy consumption characteristics of nodes in different groups are analyzed.It is proposed to use dual sink nodes at both ends of the track and evenly deploy them between packets and packets.Different numbers of nodes are allocated in each group to solve the problem of energy imbalance in the network.The WSN deployment strategy for the linear dual sink nodes is proposed.The dual-sink nodes are deployed at two ends of a track and deployed in a non-uniform manner.The sensor nodes,while satisfying the seamless coverage of monitoring areas by various nodes,propose an optimized WSN deployment model suitable for use along high-speed railways.The simulation results show that the proposed strategy for deployment along high-speed railwaysis superior to other similar linear deployment strategies in terms of coverage performance,network energy balance,and network life cycle,thus ensuring the need for WSN to serve high-speed railways..(2)Secondly,aiming at the need for the traditional ant colony algorithm to converge slowly and the WSN nodes along the high-speed railway need to quickly transfer the collected data to the sink node,the paper introduces the improved ant colony algorithm service routing protocol and proposes Meet the ant colony algorithm combined with the elite strategy to solve the problem of energy consumption equilibrium and rapid establishment of routing protocols along the high-speed railway environment.Simulation results show that the proposed improved ant colony routing algorithm improves the speed of route establishment and operation,and effectively extends the network life cycle.(3)Finally,The simulation results show that the deployment strategy along high-speed railways is better than other similar line deployment strategies in terms of coverage performance,network energy balance,and network life cycle,thus ensuring the need of WSN to serve high-speed railways.