Missionary Science Communication In Late Qing Dynasty And Its Enlightment

In the late Qing Dynasty,missionaries came to China in order to realize the grand goal of Christianity in China,forced by the obstructions of preaching,they had to take advantage of the Chinese people's eagerness for western science,imperceptibly propagate Christian doctrine in the course of spreading western science.Through in-depth research and reflection on the historical facts of missionaries' scientific communication in China during this period,this will enable people to look at,analyze and solve the problems encountered in the process of scientific development in China from a broader perspective,this is of considerable significance to the development of science in China.Although the missionaries failed in the end to achieve the goal of the indigenization Christianity in China,their scientific communication made an indelible contribution to China,is mainly embodied in the fields of education,compilation,publishing and medical treatment.The whole structure of the thesis is divided into four parts as follows:Part one.Firstly,this part summarizes the important missionary schools founded by missionaries in China in late Qing Dynasty,and analyzes the contribution of missionaries to Chinese science education through typical cases;Secondly,it discusses the western science education that the missionaries have contributed to the Chinese officially sponsored schools;Thirdly,it focuses on the idea and management system of western higher education introduced by missionaries into China.Part two.Firstly,this part summarizes the important church publishing institutions set up by missionaries in late Qing Dynasty,and then represented by typical institutions,amply illustrates the contributions of missionaries in compiling and publishing western science books in China;Secondly,it briefly expounds the western science books contributed by the missionaries through the publishing institutions established by the Chinese government;Thirdly,it discusses the relatively important scientific newspapers and periodicals compiled and published by missionaries in some publishing institutions,and takes the important example as the representative carries on the concrete analysis.Part three.First of all,this part discusses some of the more famous church hospitals established by missionaries in the late Qing Dynasty,then takes typical hospitals as an example to illustrate the western medical science introduced by missionaries in China;Secondly,an overview of some of the more famous ecclesiastical medical schools run by missionaries in China,and by way of example to explain western medicine science introduced into China by missionaries through medical education;Thirdly,the main discussion of the contribution of Chinese medical science of the compilation and publication of the missionaries' books,newspapers and periodicals on western medicine,and the organization of important societies on western medicine.Part four.Firstly,this part analyzes the positive influence of the introduction of classification of Western disciplines to the formation and development of science subjects in China,in addition,also elaborates on various science and technology and Christian religions in the West introduced by missionaries,promoting the progress of various Scientific Research undertakings in China;Secondly,it discusses the harm to Chinese science and people caused by the introduction of western religion and the participation of colonial expansion during the spreading of science by some missionaries in the late Qing Dynasty;Thirdly,it comprehensively analyzes the enlightenment of missionary Science Communication in China in late Qing Dynasty to China today,that is,China should not only actively absorb the advanced science and technology of the West,and on that basis,but also push the essence of Chinese science into the West and even the world.In short,in the process of scientific communication in the late Qing Dynasty,although missionaries did more or less harm to the development of science in China,but on the whole,the missionaries did play a great positive role in Chinese scientific progress.