Study On Book Communication In Guizhou Province In Late Qing Dynasty(1840-1911)

Communication activities,as one of the most basic social activities of human beings,have been evolved the foundation of human society,and it also boosted the development of human beings.It plays an essential role in the process of human communication,and the efficiency of communication activities depends largely on the development of media technology.In the late Qing Dynasty,books became the main media in Guizhou province,and its communication activities played a significant part in the development of Guizhou province.From the perspective of cultural communication studies,this thesis,including communication environment,engraving institutions,engraving capacity,circulation mode,communication audiences and communication effects,explores the impacts of late Qing Dynasty Guizhou's book communication activities to the social culture development of modern GuiZhou province.As a practical activity of human beings,book communication activities are not isolated and closed,it must be influenced and restricted by environmental factors,for instance,book communication activities are closely related to the social environment formed by politics,economy and culture,and the media technology environment composed of printing technology,paper industry and postal system,and the geographical environment at that time.In general,during late Qing Dynasty,the influence of the communication environment has both positive and negative effects on the books and communication activities at that time.According to the synchronic research,late Qing Dynasty of Guizhou province has made great progress in economy and culture,including the easing publishing system,increasing media technology,postal system and the "bureaucratization of native officers" policy for the further implementation of other aspects of the books dissemination activities to provide a good communication environment.But from the time as the angle of view,Guizhou province,both economic and cultural,transportation and media technology are extremely backward.In addition,due to the inaccessibility and transport hurdles,and complicated ethnic composition,Miao nationality is the largest population minority among residents.Therefore,such communication environment seriously impeded the dissemination of book communication activities.Influenced and restricted by the complex communication environment,book communication activities in late Qing Dynasty of Guizhou province has developed its own unique characteristics.So,chapter two or three of this article is a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of these features.During the late Qing Dynasty,book engraving systems of Guizhou including official printing,private printing and workshop printing.Among the book engraving systems,official printing,supported by the government,was used for the main publication of classical literature,local records management and some related books,and the print quality can be guaranteed;as for the private book printing system,sponsored by some scholars and officials,or individual investors,with using exquisite paper and ink,mainly published their own works and classical documents;And workshop printing simply runs for the profit,they mainly published books in great demand with using inferior paper,so the quality of works could not be guaranteed.Compared with the previous edition of Guizhou province,showing the book is rich in content,quality and publication of books printed uneven aspects;and compared with the same period the engraved books surrounding provinces,showing a generally smaller space to edition and font fruity,soft texture and dark colors features.As the late Qing Dynasty Guizhou province book circulation mode,it relates to the book trade,collection,dissemination and borrowing.In the late Qing Dynasty,Guizhou province book trade mainly published in the square sale in one moment,special books bookstore and Guizhou literati outside purchasing these several forms;and books including school library,private library and college library,the library plays a good role in the literature heritage,special books circulation.In the traffic inconvenience in Guizhou society,the literati communication has become a way of the circulation of books,both mutual gift between the literati,also has the external scholars of the input and output of the local scholars.Guizhou province's books are not less,the traditional form of books still exists in a large amount,but with the increase printed book collection,open-minded,books borrowing activities began to be popular,which becomes the beginning of modern circulating form.After book communication activities enter into the process of production and circulation,book communication has entered into the book consumption stage,which is accepted by the reader.The fourth chapter of this article is mainly research about reader of the late Qing Dynasty which can be divided into the audience type,the audience acceptance motivation type and the characteristics type.The first type of reader mainly includes famous ancient scholars,imperial contestant and ordinary reader.But their book consumption habits are different;these ancient scholars' motive is more out of cultural inheritance and cultural reproduction acceptance,the imperial contestant is more for the pursuit of career,while the ordinary reader is more practical to read for the purpose.Most of these reader,in terms of geographical distribution,they are mainly concentrated in vital communication lines or places near the county government;from the form of readers,it has the multi-ethnic character;from the native place of readers,it mainly consists of the immigrant family,friend and teacher groups.The fifth chapter of this article is summarized and analyzed the extensive book communication activities played an active role in promoting the development of modern social culture of Guizhou in the late Qing Dynasty,In the late Qing Dynasty,the impacts of book communication activities on readers are reflected by the evaluation,which includes timeliness evaluation and delayed evaluation,as well as the evaluation of book version.On the other hand,books play a role in the three levels of audience's perception,emotion and behavior.These are mainly embodied in the rising of knowledge group,consciousness-raising of learn in order to practise and practicing of national salvation.In the late Qing Dynasty,wide spread of books in Guizhou not only to speed up the socialization of knowledge,but also to promote the cultural exchanges between different nationalities,These factors are reshaping Guizhou's cultural ecology,and advocating science and democracy,establishing of a variety of society and various newspapers.Thus,boosting the Guizhou social culture change.Taking a comprehensive approach to Guizhou province's book communication activities in the late Qing Dynasty,it not only realizes Guizhou's cultural inheritance and cultural reproduction,promoting the development of Guizhou province's social civilization,but also brings a significant impact on the reader and audience's thoughts and behavior,and thus boosts the great reform in modem Guizhou social culture,providing valuable historical experience for the current social culture development of Guizhou province.