A Study On Understanding Level Of Simple Equation And Teaching Strategies Of Fifth Grade

Mathematics understanding is the focus of attention of almost every mathematics teacher,and it is generally believed that only understanding perfectly can learn mathematics well."Simple equation" is the first time that students come into contact with algebra knowledge in primary school.It plays an important role in primary school mathematics curriculum.Therefore,primary school students' learning and understanding of simple equations has become an important issue.In fact,we lack a clear understanding of the current situation of students' understanding,the level of understanding,and then we can not carry out effective teaching on the basis of students' understanding.This study used the simple equation as the carrier,and selected the four dimensions of "number represented by letters","judge whether it is an equation","practical problem and equation" and "solving equation" as the entry points.467 fifth grade students from three schools in different regions of Lanzhou city are selected as the research objects to test and analyzed with SOLO classification theory as the frame.In general,these three questions are studied: 1.How well do fifth graders in different regions understand the simple equation? Are there regional and gender differences? 2.What are the factors that affect students' understanding of simple equation? 3.Seeking for the effective strategies to improve the teaching of Simple Equation based on the problems existing in students' understanding.In this paper,SPSS 23.0 statistical software is used for processing,and the main conclusions are as follows:First,students' understanding level:(1)Most of the fifth grade students have reached the level of 3 in the understanding of numbers represented by letters,and a few of them are at the level of 0.The students have a good command of the concept of equation,but the depth of mastering is still to be explored.More than 60% of the students can reach the expected level of solving equations,but their ability of solving practical problems is poor;(2)The understanding level of "simple equation" of fifth grade students in urban schools is significantly higher than that of schools in towns and new areas.The new area is significantly higher than that in the town in the dimension of "judge equation",and there is no significant difference in the other three dimensions between the two schools;(3)There was no significant difference in the understanding level of "simpleequation" between students of different genders.Second,the main problems students have in understanding:(1)Influenced by the stereotype thinking,students like to assign values to letters,and take numbers into algebraic form as the filling numbers of low years;(2)Students don't understand the properties of the equation well and can't understand the operation on the left side of the equation;(3)Students confuse the equivalence and quantitative relationships.Third,the main factors affecting students' understanding of "simple equation" :(1)Teachers' own explanation is not in-depth;(2)Students' stereotyped thinking and fear of difficulties;(3)Nonuniform distribution of the educational resources.Fourth,the teaching strategies to promote the students' understanding level:(1)Teaching should be based on students' understanding.(2)Consciously infiltrating mathematical thought and method.(3)Learn concepts and principles understandably.(4)Attach importance to the cultivation of students' ability of solving problems.