The Investigation On The Understanding Level Of Simple Equation Of Sixth Grade Students In Karamay Primary School

The simple equation is the equation that elementary school students recognize for the first time,and it is also a turning point in students’ thinking,that is,a new starting point from arithmetic thinking to algebraic thinking.Simple equations are the basis for students to learn algebra-related knowledge later,and play an important role in the entire number and algebra content.Whether it is to use letters to express numbers or to find equivalence relations,it is not a small challenge for elementary school students.Therefore,the role of simple equation teaching is very important and cannot be replaced.And mathematics understanding is almost the focus of every frontline mathematics teacher,and it is generally believed that only by understanding can you learn mathematics well.Therefore,the learning and understanding of simple equations for primary school students has become an important issue.Based on Piaget’s cognitive development theory,SOLO analysis and evaluation theory,and the theory of students’ psychology,this article mainly takes sixth-grade students as the research object.Equations solve practical problems in four dimensions for analysis.Students’ understanding levels are divided into single level,multiple structure level,and related structure level to specifically analyze students’ understanding of simple equations,raise existing problems,and find out the reasons for the problems.,Finally put forward countermeasures and carry out teaching design.The research contents of this article are summarized as follows:(1)Primary school students have a low level of understanding of "using letters to represent numbers".Most of them show a level of association structure,which means that more people do not know that there is a quantitative relationship between different objects than they know that there is a quantitative relationship between different objects.People.Affected by stereotyped thinking,30% of students bring numbers into algebraic expressions as a single structure level.(2)Primary school students have basically understood the knowledge content of "decision equation",and reached the highest level of this knowledge content,namely the single structure level(U).The main reason for elementary school students to make mistakes when examining this knowledge topic is that due to the influence of fixed thinking,some students are prone to doubts about equations that are not often appearing,which leads to misjudgment.(3)In the knowledge content of "solving equations" for elementary school students,it is generally difficult for elementary school students to solve the problem of relevance structure level(R).Among the students surveyed,only the elementary school students who are about to be able to sort out the complicated quantity Relationship,and solve the equation smoothly.(4)The primary school students have basically reached the single structure level(U)in the knowledge content of "using equations to solve practical problems",while only about half of the elementary school students have reached the multiple structure level(M).As for the level of relevance structure(R),at most only about one-tenth of elementary school students have reached it.The main problem that primary school students appear in the question of this knowledge is that they have poor problem-solving habits and difficult to establish quantitative relationships.