The Research On The Evaluation Of Scientific Inquiry Ability Of Physics Test Questions Of College Entrance Examination In China

Science curricula in various countries around the world consider scientific inquiry ability as an important course goal as well.Meanwhile,China's basic education curriculum reform refers to the great importance of inquiry,and there are clear requirements for students' scientific inquiry ability in the curriculum standards of physics,chemistry,biology and science.‘Scientific inquiry',one of the core accomplishment of the physics subject highlighted in General Senior High School Physics Curriculum Standard(2017 Edition),can reflect the importance attached to the cultivation of students' scientific inquiry ability at the national level.The college entrance examination as a kind of examination for selecting talents in China has played a vital role in the improvement of the educational level of our people and the cultivation of construction talents of the country,assessing people's knowledge and capabilities.How is the scientific inquiry ability of the students tested in the college entrance examination physics,and what are the characteristics of scientific inquiry ability evaluation? This research which takes the physics test questions of the college entrance examination as the research object,by constructing the analysis framework of the physics science inquiry test questions of the college entrance examination,analyzes the statistic of the physics science inquiry test questions of the college entrance examination in the past four years,studying examination characteristics in task types,modes of presentation,capacity requirements and level.Study 1: the construction of the analysis framework for the examination test questions of the physical science of the college entrance examination.Based on the characteristics of the college entrance examination physics test questions and reference to other documents such as the General Senior High School Physics Curriculum Standard(2017 Edition),the analysis framework of the college entrance examination physics science inquiry test questions is constructed: The basic information frameworkis established by the three-dimensional establishment of question types,presentation methods and response methods,the content framework,examination elements and horizontal framework are established based on knowledge sections,source materials,ability requirements,scores and ratios,and the analysis methods of each dimension are explained with examples.Study 2: analysis of the statistical results of physics science inquiry test questions in the college entrance examination.Researching the 527 physical examination questions in the 28 sets of college entrance examination physics examination papers,a total of 86 physical examination questions are selected and divided into 308 analysis units according to the formulated scientific inquiry examination question selection criteria.Based on Study 1,the test questions are coded to carry out statistical analysis work in combination with the specific conditions of each analysis unit of each topic.The conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)After analyzing the physics test questions of the college entrance examination in the statistical year,it is found that the question scores of the students' scientific inquiry ability account for about 20% of the total score.The physics inquiry questions of the high school and college entrance examinations are very different in the fact that most of the questions in the physics examinations of the high school entrance examinations directly use the word "inquiry" to present the inquiry questions,while the word "inquiry" does not appear directly in the physics inquiry questions of the college entrance examination,and the inquiry is presented by the examination questions as a whole.(2)After the statistical analysis of physics test questions for college entrance examinations in various provinces and regions,it is found that in provinces and regions with developed educational resources such as Beijing and Shanghai,the examination of scientific inquiry ability reflects the characteristics of more flexibility and openness in terms of knowledge level,presentation of question types,and answering methods.(3)The examination of students' scientific inquiry ability in the senior high school stage is mainly paper-based test,however the examination questions of the physical science inquiry in the college entrance examination are mainly presented in the form of text and pictures.The question types are mainly experimental questions,but the answering methods are diversified,answering by filling in the blanks is the mainmethod,and answering by judgment is the least.The test questions are mainly from the mechanics and electrical sections,but the thermal,optical,and atomic physics sections account for a relatively small proportion in accordance with the required experiments in the Common High School Physics Curriculum Standard(2017 Edition).The research on scientific inquiry questions has found that the material of such questions mainly comes from textbooks and it is often the case that textbooks are used to change and expand experiments in order to prepare test questions,which can examine students' scientific inquiry,however it remains to be determined whether the questions that can be answered only by memory can achieve the purpose of the test.Data analysis finds that scientific inquiry test questions mainly examine the ability to analyze,process experimental evidence,and form conclusions.(4)Scientific inquiry test questions mainly examine the evidence and explanation elements of scientific inquiry elements in the core accomplishment of physics and the examination of the two major elements accounts for approximately the same proportion,the proportion of explanation element was about 37.43%,the proportion of evidence element was about 33.32%.Followed by the examination of questions and communication elements,the proportions of each of them are 14.8%,14.41%.(5)The academic quality level 2 required by the General Senior High School Physics Curriculum Standard(2017 Edition)is the qualification requirement for high school graduation,while the academic quality level 4 is the proposition basis for the academic level examination for admission to colleges and universities.The statistical analysis of inquiry questions finds that the examination of the scientific inquiry elements of this type of examination questions mainly focused on level 4,the percentage is 5%,which is in line with the requirements of the General High School Physics Curriculum Standard(2017 Edition).