Study On The Development Of Object Control Skill Of Children Aged 3-6 Years

Object control skill means the ability to manipulate or control objects.It is the significant part of children’s fundamental motor skilll,and also preschool stage is the key period to develop object control skill.Therefore,grasp the law and features of3-6 year old children’s object control skill is beneficial to come up with effective suggestions,and then improve the conditions of children’s object control skill development.The study was conducted from two aspects.In partⅠ,the participants were 180 children aged 3-6 from two kindergartens in Shanghai.Test of Gross Motor Development Third Edition(TGMD-3)was used to examine children’s object control skill.Meanwhile,used video record the process of the examining part to observe,analyse and conclude children’s every object control movement.In partⅡ,on the basis of results from partⅠ,analysed how children’s individual aspect,kindergarten aspect and task aspect influence children’s object control skill level,and conclude the influencing factors.The results show that:(1)there are significant age difference existing in children’s whole object control skill and every object control movement.As to the sex features,there is no sex difference between bottom class and middle class.In top class,boys’ whole object skill,one-hand forehead strike of self-bounced ball and underhand throw are significantly better than girls’(p<.01).(2)there are development superiority and inferiority in 3-6 year old children’s object control skill.In detail,one-hand forehead strike of self-bounced ball kick a stationary ball and underhand throw;two-hand catch and one-hand forehead strike of self-bounced ball are of medium difficulty;overhand throw and two-hand strike of a stationary ball are children’s worst skills.One-hand stationary dribble lag behind,and children gradually grasp it until top class.(3)children’s whole object control skill and every object control movement is irrelevant to children’s height and BMI(p>.05),but relevant with children’s vision.Children with normal vision perform better on wholeobject control skill and one-hand forehead strike of self-bounced ball(p<.05),and also better on kick and stationary ball and overhand throw(p<.01).(4)kindergarten sports environment have influence on children’s object control skill,including sports material input and sports activity arrangement.Compare to children from kindergarten A who is characterized by basketball activity,Children from kindergarten B who is characterized by multiple ball control activities perform better on whole object control skill(p<.05),and also on two-hand strike of a stationary ball,two-hand catch and kick a stationary ball(p<.01).(5)changes on task have a influence on children’s object control skill.Two-hand catch rubber ball level is significantly better than two-hand catch tennis ball(p<.01).