Research On The Relationship Between Physical Activity, Basic Motor Skills And Obesity In Preschool Children

Purpose: Preschool children's insufficient physical activity,low level of motor skills and rising obesity rate will have a certain negative impact on their physical and psychological,and even pose a threat to their health in adulthood.Physical activities and good fundamental motor skill have been shown to promote the physical and mental health of preschool children.The relationship between fundamental motor skills and obesity is not yet clear.However,studies on the relationship between physical activity,fundamental motor skills and obesity in preschool children are still limited in China.Therefore,in order to enrich such research evidence,further explore the relationship between the three,so as to provide theoretical support and empirical data for Chinese preschoolers to master basic motor skills,promote physical activity participation,and preventobesity.Therefore,the purpose of this study is to: 1)explore the relationship between physical activity and fundamental motor skills of preschool children aged 3?6 years;2)explore the preschool children aged 3?6 The relationship between fundamental motor skills and obesity;3)To explore the relationship between3?6 years old preschool children's physical activity and obesity.Methods: 342 preschool children(176 males and 166 females)aged 3?6 years were recruited.The questionnaire was used to investigate the physical activity level of young children;the height and weight of preschool children were measured;and the basic motor skills were measured by the Test of Gross Motor Development,the second edition(TGMD-2).Descriptive statistical analysis was used to describe the mean,standard deviation and percentage of the descriptive variables.Correlation and regression analysis of the relationship between physical activity,basic motor skills and obesity of preschool children.Results:(1)The overall physical activity of preschool children showed a declining trend with age,boys spent more time on overall physical activity;as the age of preschool children increases(from 3 to 6 years old),The scores of all their basic motor skill items showed an increasing trend,and there was a statistical difference(p< 0.01).(2)There is a positive correlation between the score of catching preschool children and BMI(r = 0.13,p < 0.05);regression analysis shows that there is a positive correlation between catching and BMI in object control skills of preschoolchildren(B = 0.22,? = 0.20).The daily time of preschool children participating in high-intensity physical activities was negatively correlated with BMI(r =-0.13,p <0.01).Regression analysis showed that there was a negative correlation between high-intensity physical activity time and BMI in preschool children(B =-0.17,? =-0.05).(3)The overall scores of basic motor skills,total displacement skills,and total object control skills of preschool children are significantly positively correlated with the total time of physical activity(r = 0.13-0.15,p < 0.05).There was a positive correlation between the high-intensity physical activity time of preschool children and their basic motor skills total score,displacement skills and object control skills(p<0.05).Conclusion:(1)3?6 year-old preschool children boys are generally more active than girls,and with the increase of age,the time of vigorous intensity physical activity increases;3?6 The displacement skills and object control skills of preschool-aged children are weak.(2)The relationship between physical activity of different intensity and basic motor skills of preschool children aged 3?6 years is inconsistent.Low-intensity physical activity is only positively correlated with the jump in displacement skills,and moderate-intensity physical activity and high-intensity physical activity are positively correlated with displacement skills,object control skills.(3)There is a negative correlation between high-intensity physical activity and obesity in preschool children aged 3?6 years,which can suppress obesity.