Factors Affecting The Fertility Desire Of The Township Couples Of Childbearing Age In The Background Of Comprehensive Two-child Policy And Policy Suggestion

Population is a major factor affecting the sustainable development of economy and society.At present,the aging problem is getting worse and the demographic dividend is gradually disappearing.Firstly,the increase in the proportion of the elderly in the population structure and the continuous reduction of the working population have not only led to a shortage of labor reserves,but also seriously affected the changes in the social and economic fields such as the consumption structure,production structure,reserves,investment and social security.In addition,the one-child policy has been in effect for more than 30 years,most young couples due to the "4 +2 +1" family structure,the need to bear heavy old-age responsibilities,for the elderly,also to bear insufficient social security,old-age loneliness and other pressures.In order to address these situations,my country has entered the age of two full children,beginning on 1 January 2016.Two years have elapsed since the implementation of the comprehensive two-child policy,during which the number of births has generally increased in comparison with the overall level prior to the implementation of the comprehensive two-child policy,but the overall growth has been unsatisfactory.Moreover,taking into account the decreasing trend in the number of women of childbearing age in our country,the tendency of women to delay their first marriage and childbearing age,and the tendency of women to have children.How to improve the reproductive will of the population of childbearing age and to give full play to the policy of "two children" is of major practical significance.As the frontier of reform and opening-up,Guangdong has a descriptive level of economic development and openness.Also as a developed area on the eastern coast,Guangdong Province has a relatively high level of generative will and levels in the major economically developed provinces.In the first year of full implementation of the two-child policy,the number of new two-child population in Guangdong Province accounted for a relatively large proportion of the country.But even so.In a recent investigation on Residents' Fertility Desire in Guangdong Province under the Comprehensive Second-Child Policy shows that fertility intentions have fallen to 1.85[1].Overall,there is a higher willingness to have children in Guangdong,but it is lower than in history.Therefore,the study on the reproductive will of the residents of Guangdong province can provide a reference for the decision of other developed provinces to improve the reproductive will,and on the other hand,it can provide a reference to improve the declining reproductive will of Guangdong province.The population base of women of childbearing age in Guangdong Province is large,especially in the vast rural areas,where women have enormous reproductive potential and are of vital importance in population development.In the process of population development in Guangdong Province,the will to procreate plays an important role,and social,cultural and economic factors will influence the change of the will to procreate.Therefore,the study selected J town in northern Guangdong Province as a sample based on a social survey.Based on the questionnaire and data analysis,the preliminary conclusions were obtained,and then the birth intention and influencing factors were investigated by means of in-depth interviews.This article will combine the data analysis results of the questionnaire and the content of the in-depth interviews,of the "cost" and "culture" of the impact on people's fertility will analyze,through the questionnaire and interviews collected data information.In order to further encourage childbearing and improve the demographic environment,it is necessary for the relevant government departments to put in place incentive policies to increase the willingness of rural families to have children,thus achieving the ultimate goal of raising the demographic dividend and promoting economic and social development.The following suggestions are put forward on two aspects: reducing the cost of childcare and strengthening cultural guidance,so as to assist the implementation of the comprehensive two-child policy.