Factors Influencing Employment And Countermeasures For High-Level Athletes In Chongqing Colleges And Universities

Research purposes: With the continuous expansion of colleges and universities,the number of graduates has increased year by year,and college high-level athletes,as one of the special groups of graduates,are now facing difficulties while seeking for employment.As the main institutional department for cultivating high-level athletes in China,colleges and universities have established multi-channel training methods to cultivate more outstanding high-level athletes,and the employment of high-level athletes is also in line with the future development of China’s sports industry.Up to now,there are only 8 universities and colleges that recruit high-level athletes among the 57 colleges and universities in Chongqing.Among them,only Chongqing University is ranked as both “985” and “211” project college,and Southwestern University,the “211” project college,while the other 6 are neither included in the 985 or 211 project.For the six universities and colleges,they are respectively Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing Technology and Business University,Chongqing Institute of Science and Technology,and Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences.A total of 7 high-level sports programs were enrolled in these 8 universities,namely: track and field,basketball,tennis,football,volleyball,swimming,and table tennis.Therefore,it is very important to find out factors affecting the employment of high-level athletes in colleges and universities in Chongqing,and propose countermeasures and suggestions to provide assistance for the employment of high-level athletes.Research methods: 356 high-level athletes from colleges and universities that recruited high-level athletes in 2015 from 2015 to 2017 were investigated and analyzed mainly through literature research,questionnaire surveys,interviews,and mathematical statistics.Research results: 1.Social factors: Five aspects,namely comprehensive ability,academic qualifications,social practice experience,professional type,and sports skills are main considerations of employers;high-level athletes in colleges and universities in Chongqing mainly obtain employment information through the Internet and media;most of the high-level athletes mainly follow their own wills when they are seeking for employment.2.School factors: Through the cross-analysis of the satisfaction degree of graduate schools and employment,we got P=0.04<0.05,F=2.73,indicating that there is a significant difference in the degree of satisfaction between the graduate school and employment;according to the investigation and interviews,47.5% of the high-level athletes were found unsatisfied with employment guidance curriculum set by their universities and colleges;62.9% of them had certain difficulty in the study of cultural courses;the training objectives of high-level athletes set by schools are not clear enough.3.Family factors: Through the cross-over analysis of parents’ occupations and their children’s occupations,we obtained P=0.01<0.05,F=3.29,which shows that there is a significant difference between occupations of parents and those of their children;based on the cross-over analysis between the parental economic situation and the actual monthly income of their children,P=0.01<0.05,F=5.73,presenting that there is a significant difference between the parent’s economic situation and the actual monthly income of the child;through the cross-analysis of parental education level and children’s education,P=0.01<0.05,F= 6.55,meaning there is a significant difference between the level of parental education and the child’s education.4.Personal factors: High-level athletes in colleges and universities in Chongqing pay most attention on development prospects,welfare and benefits,personal interests,working atmosphere,environment and comfortableness,and the location of the work site;the expectation is too high,and the actual monthly income is lower than the expected monthly income;40.4% of high-level athletes are employed in other provinces and cities;75.3% of high-level athletes only have simple plans for the future,and most of them start to consider employment in the junior year with the main job selection concept of working before trying another position;63.1% of the high level athletes understand the employment policy;through cross-analysis of sports and the employer,P=0.03<0.05,F=2.90,indicating significant differences between sports and the employer.Research conclusions:(1)the comprehensive ability,educational background,social practice experience,professional types and sports skills of high level athletes in Chongqing are the 5 main aspects that the employers pay attention to in the recruitment,but also the main factors that affect the high level athletes in Chongqing.(2)school popularity has a certain impact on the employment of high-level athletes in Chongqing.The higher the school popularity,the higher the high level athletes employment satisfaction is relatively good,while the lower school awareness is relatively low employment satisfaction of high level athletes.The employment guidance course offered by our school is not pertinent,and the training objectives of high-level athletes are not clear enough,which will also affect the employment of high-level athletes.(3)the employment of high level athlete graduates in Chongqing is largely influenced by their parents’ occupation,their parents economic conditions and their parents educational level.(4)high expectations and sports events will affect the employment of high-level athletes in Chongqing.High level athletes employment expectation will impede the employment direction and selection of high level athletes,and the characteristics of sports development will also affect the employment of high level athletes.The high-level athletes planning for future is not clear enough.Considering the late employment stage,the unreasonable professional courses will also affect the employment.Research measures: 1.Social level: employers should set up a scientific concept of talents when recruiting;widen their employment channels and listen to their opinions.2.School level: improve the popularity of schools and attract employers;set up employment guidance courses in accordance with the actual conditions of high-level athletes;and improve the training objectives for high-level athletes.3.Family level: make full use of resources from all walks of life;family members should update their ideas.4.From the individual level: establish correct employment expectation and planning;improve their overall quality;choose a major according to their own cultural basis.