A Study On Mechanical Characteristics Of Soles Of Professional Male Golfers During Full Swing With A Driver In China

Purposes:Golf No.1 wood is used very frequently in golf events.The use of No.1 wood also helps the players reach the farthest shot distance effect to a certain extent.The full swing of No.1 wood is an important part of the golf special technical moves.At the same time,when the golf No.1 fully swings,the mechanical characteristics of the sole can reflect inherent general laws of the golf technique.Studying the mechanical characteristics of the foot by male professional golfer’s No.1 wood full swing,will have a positive guiding significance for the practical and training of golf sports technology.Methods:Adopting the motion infrared capture system,and synchronizing two 3D force tables to collect the data of 8 male professional golfers’ No.1 wood full swing motion,and analyze their swing rhythm,ground reaction force on the sole and trajectory changes of the pressure center and other characteristics.Results:1.In this study,the average total full swing time for professional golfers is 1.05 s,of which the average time for the upswing is about 0.81 s and that for downswing is about 0.24 s.From the swing rhythm,the upswing time is 3.4times longer than the downswing’s in this study.2.The main mechanics feature of professional golfers’ No.1 wood moves:(1)Fx The forefoot has a move forward trend in the upswing stage and a move backward trend during the period between the peak time of downswing to the 40 ms before hitting.However,the rear-foot Fx has a little change trend in the upswing stage and has a certain degree of change trend after the acceleration time(2)Fy The rear-foot Fy increases in the upswing stage.The rear-foot Fy increase first an then decreases in the downswing stage.The change trend is that the change of the forefoot Fy in the upswing stage gradually shifts from the left side to the right side,and the rear-foot shows the opposite trend.(3)Fz The forefoot Fz decreases in the upswing stage.The forefoot Fz increases to the maximum first and then decreases in downswing stage.The rear-foot Fz force peak probably appears in the upswing stage,presented as the trend of increasing first and then decreasing.In the downswing stage,the general trend of Fz presented as continuing decrease.3.In the full swing process,there is a negative correlation between the Fz peaks(standardized by body weight)and the maximum head speed and the final ball speed of the rear-foot in the downswing stage.4.In the professional golfers’ No.1 wood full swing process,for Fx impulse,if rear-foot > forefoot,the direction is opposite;for Fy impulse,if the rear-foot > forefoot,the force value is balanced;for Fz impulse,if the rear-foot > forefoot,the force value is the maximum and the force is mainly concentrated in the rear-foot in the full swing process.5.In the full swing process,the forefoot pressure center obviously moves to the right in upswing stage and the pressure center moves forwards and left in downswing stage and start to move to the right after the acceleration time.The rear-foot pressure center trajectory doesn’t obviously move backward in upswing stage and it moves to the left after the acceleration time and moves to the right and forward 40 ms before hitting.Conclusion:1.Generally,the professional golfers’ No.1 full swing shows the rhythm law of slower upswing and faster downswing.The maximum head speed and last ball speed with the speed of downswing move time of professional golfers’ No.1 wood have significant negative correlation,that is the feature that,the shorter the downswing time,the faster the speed;the longer the downswing time,the slower the speed.2.The main mechanics feature of professional golfers’ No.1 wood moves:(1)The rear-foot Fx has a relatively small variation tendency in upswing stage.It plays a certain stabilizing role in the whole swing process.Forefoot Fx has greater variation in downswing stage.It is the need of maintaining body coordination during spin shots.(2)The Fy values of the front and rear foot show opposite trends in both upswing and downswing stages.(3)Fz transfers from the forefoot to the rear-foot in the full swing process.At the hit time,the forefoot Fz is the biggest.3.In the full swing process,Fz has the greatest impulse and it mainly acts on the rear-foot.The Fz generated by extension plays an important role in the hit distance during downswing stage.4.The smaller the rear-foot Fz or the larger the forefoot Fz,the faster the head speed and the ball speed,during the downswing stage.The rapid transfer of Fz has a certain influence on the head speed and the ball speed.5.In the upswing stage,the displacement of forefoot pressure center changes obviously and the body weight shifts from the forefoot to the rear-foot.In the downswing stage,the displacement of rear-foot pressure center changes greatly.