The Study Of The Soviet Union’s Assistance In The Construction Of Inner Mongolia In The 1950s-1960s

In the 1950 s,China established diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union.With the assistance of the Soviet Union,China carried out large-scale socialist construction and completed the transition from New Democracy to socialism.The unique geographical location and rich resource advantages in Inner Mongolia attracted the Soviet Union’s attention and it began to assist Inner Mongolia after the Treaty of Friendship,Alliance and Mutual Assistance signed between China and the Soviet Union in 1950.It is not until 1960,when the contradictions and open debate between China and the Soviet Union were intensified,the Soviet Union unilaterally ended all its assistance to Inner Mongolia with drawing by calling back their experts and with drawing the provided equipment in Inner Mongolia.Based on the Soviet Union aid to the People’s Republic of China,this paper discusses the general situation of the Soviet Union’s assistance to Inner Mongolia during the 1950s-1960 s,and analyzes its influence on the economic and social development of Inner Mongolia from the background,main contents and methods of assistance.The paper is divided into three parts: introduction,main body and conclusion.In the introduction part,it introduces the research background and significance of this paper,analyzes the research status at home and abroad,and points out the innovation of the paper.The main body includes three chapters: The first chapter analyzes the international and domestic background of the Soviet Union’s assistance to Inner Mongolia.The international background was the formation and continuous development of the cold war between the United States and the Soviet Union.For this purpose,the Soviet Union began to adjust its foreign aid policy and establish an alliance with China,signing the Sino-Soviet friendship Union Cooperation Treaty.As far as China is concerned,Chinese leader publicly announced the established “one side” foreign policy and carried out socialist construction on the basis of the recovery and development of the national economy.The second chapter discusses the contents and methods of the Soviet Union’s assistance to Inner Mongolia.This part mainly investigates the contents of the Soviet Union’s assistance to Inner Mongolia from four fields of industry,agriculture and animal husbandry,water conservancy and transportation,and urban planning,and summarizes the ways the Soviet Union adopted in the assistance to Inner Mongolia,namely,providing technical and equipment assistance,dispatching various experts,and training various talents.The third chapter summarizes the influence of the Soviet Union’s assistance to Inner Mongolia,including positive and negative aspects.The positive impact is to consolidate the regional ethnic autonomy,promote the development of industrialization,promote the production of agriculture and animal husbandry,improve the construction of water conservancy facilities,laid the foundation for the cause of transportation,accelerate the process of urbanization.However,the development mode of the Soviet Union was not fully suitable for the reality of Inner Mongolia.The withdrawal of Soviet experts also had a negative impact on the construction of Inner Mongolia.