Study On The Jewish Autonomous Region Of Birobidzhan In The Soviet Union

This article is a research of the history of Soviet Union birobidzhan Jewish Autonomous Region.The main content is divided into three chapters.The first chapter mainly discusses the background of the establishment of Jewish Autonomous Region.After the October Revolution in Russia,the various ethnic issues highlighted by the Tsarist Russia became an urgent problem that the current government urgently needs to solve.The continuation of the Jewish problem and its further deterioration have become a burning momentum.The military communist policy implemented by the Soviet government during the civil war has shaken the economic foundation on which the Jews have long lived.The crisis of identity brought about by the survival problem has caused the Zionist trend to rise in the Soviet Union.The deterioration of the Jewish issue forced the Soviet government beginning to consider the Soviet Jewish resettlement program,after the Crimean plan went aground due to various complicated reasons,the Soviet government set its sights on the Birobidzhan region of the Far East,the government’s resettlement demand for the Jewish nation and the policy of consolidating the development of the Far East.The coincidence,combined with the support of the International Jewish Organization for this project,eventually led the Soviet government to propose a plan to establish Jewish national home in the Far East Birobidzhan region.The second chapter discusses the establishment of the Birobidzhan Jewish Autonomous Region and the series of construction activities and development after its establishment.The Soviet government proposed the Birobidzhan plan in 1928.In 1930,the Birobidzhan ethnic area was established here.After the investment of domestic and foreign capital and the changes in the international situation,the Jewish Autonomous Region was finally established in 1934.However,at the same time,many difficulties and shortcomings have been encountered in the initial construction of the Birobidzhan area.The main construction process of the Birobidzhan Jewish Autonomous Prefecture can be summarized as two rapid developments and two huge setbacks.In the mid-1 930s,with growth of a large number of Soviet Jewish immigrants,the economic and cultural construction has made great achievements,but the impact of the Great Purge Movement has brought the construction of the Jewish Autonomous Region into a stagnation stage.After the outbreak of the Great Patriotic War and the post-war period,when the Soviet Union and the Western countries were in a short honeymoon,the construction of the Jewish Autonomous Region ushered in another development.However,with the formation of the Cold War confrontation pattern,the Jewish Autonomous Region was hit by the anti-Semitism policy of the Soviet government.The plan to establish a Jewish homeland was unsuccessful.The third chapter explores the reasons for the failure of the Soviet Union to establish Jewish national homeland in the Far East and its historical influence.The anti-Semitism nature of the Soviet government in the Jewish Autonomous Region has made the autonomous region lack a basic blueprint.The distrust of the Soviet Jewish community and the contradiction between the various aspects of the birobidzhan region have also made the Jewish Autonomous Region difficult to develop.The Jewish Autonomous Region has a negligible influence on the history of the Soviet Union.The construction of the Jewish Autonomous Prefecture of birobidzhan has indeed promoted the development of the political economy of the Soviet Union in the short term,but its ultimate failure has completely defeated the Soviet Jews.It is a major blow to the image of a nationally equal state that the Soviet government has always flaunted,and has had a negative impact on the status of the Soviet Union in the international community.At the same time,the Jewish Autonomous Region has always been the only officially recognized home of the Jewish nation in the Soviet Union.It is also the only official Jewish autonomous region in the world except Israel.It has far-reaching influence and significance for the history and cultural preservation of the Soviet Jews.