| During late Ming and early Qing Dynasty,under the background of finish of Nautical Revolution,the situation of the world began to transition from impassable occlusion to closely communication.Some capitalist countries led by America and British followed by step to the outward expansion merge’s and overseas colonies establishment’s road.Meanwhile the range of the Christian’s in the Europe countries was expanding,too.Then these western countries began to change their focus to China and wanted to open the Chinese gate by the method of religion and diplomacy.Since then,on the Chinese territory more and more westerners had shown up.Before the Chinese Republican era,the Chinese history had entered a new period.The more and more westerners represented that the forth wave of Chinese learning had appeared.From 1840 s Opium War,the modern history of China had begun.The capitalist countries suddenly changed their anterior mild diplomacy into gunboats,and attacked China.Quantities of diplomates and boanererges came to China.For their benefits,they had to learn Chinese immediately.So during this period,the foreigners had wrote a lot of Chinese language textbooks in different types and contents.Although many essays has discussed the Chinese language textbooks already,but there can seldom find a study that combine the cultural factors and the lingual factors in one book and illustrate the two factors together in an article.The previous studies on this field can be divided into two types: one is compare some different textbooks in the same period to find their similarities,the other is study only lingual elements in one book.But from the beginning of the teaching Chinese as a foreign language,the subject is consisted of two aspects: the culture and linguistic,and the two aspects are inseparable.So,this article will take the current researches’ results as the point and study on it.Take the Chinese language textbooks wrote by the foreigners as the object.Study on the theories of philology,history and pedagogy to find the features of these books.The features can be cultural and lingual.And the author definitely assure that the result of my study will provide nowadays Chinese teaching with precious experience. |
