Qingmen Writing In Tang Poetry

Qingmen is the eastern gateway of the capital city,Chang'an,in the Tang Dynasty.It is also the most frequent entrances and exits of Chang'an city.Under the literati's pen and ink,Qingmen has changed from a geographical coordinate to a literary image.The writing of Qingmen in Tang poetry can not only have a glimpse of Chang'an's urban style,but also be a suitable perspective to observe the mentality of literati.This article is mainly divided into three chapters.Chapter one adopts the mutual authentication of literature and history to comb the formation of Qingmen image.In the Han Dynasty,Qingmen was originally the name of the southeast gate(Bacheng Men)of Chang'an city,and afterwards it was widely used to refer to the east gate of Chang'an city.From here,people came in and out and welcomed feasts.As a result,Qingmen attracted much attention and became the object in the literati's writing.The image of Qingmen came into being before the Tang Dynasty,and it only appeared as allusions or landmarks in poems and essays.In the Tang Dynasty,the image of Qingmen expanded,which was all-embracing and rich in meaning.After the Tang Dynasty,the writing of Qingmen tended to solidify and became a cultural symbol of "nostalgia and hurt parting" type narration.Chapter two makes an in-depth analysis of the features of Qingmen's poetry through quantitative statistics and close reading of texts.Qingmen poetry in the Tang Dynasty totaled 142 poems and show different development trends and style characteristics in the early Tang Dynasty,the prosperous Tang Dynasty,DaLi,YuanHe and the late Tang Dynasty.Qingmen poetry can be divided into four categories: Qingmen farewell poems,Qingmen narrative poems,Qingmen tourism poems and Qingmen mourning poems.The farewell poems and the narrative poems truly record and show the living condition,spiritual predicament and mental journey of the literati.The tourism poems reflect the secularization and entertainment tendency of the Tang Dynasty society.The mourning poems not only express mourning and missing,but also show the positive life view of people towards death and life in the Tang Dynasty.Bai Juyi and Jia Dao's poems are the most typical ones in Qingmen's writing in Tang Dynasty.Their dwellings and activities in Chang'an are closely related to Qingmen,and their Qingmen poems reflect their inner ideal life style and spiritual beliefs.Chapter three introduces the concept of "literary space" and pays attention to the space expansion of Qingmen's writing.Poets take Qingmen as a peep point and look around,depicting the vivid and fragrant city landscape inside and outside Qingmen,showing the prosperity of the Tang Dynasty's social public sphere.Starting from Qingmen,the farewell space of Qingmen Road,“Qingmen-Changle-Baqiao”,is constructed,which conveys the deep friendship between relatives and friends.Starting from Qingmen,the long journey to the east,the south and north is presented,which extends the travel space of Qingmen Road.Based on Qingmen,the memory space of Qingmen,which breaks the boundaries of time and space,is created,which projectes the deep attachment of the literati far away from the captital to Chang'an.