| Gaochang tombstone is a brick epitaph unearthed in Turpan area of Xinjiang,also known as "Gaochang brick","Gaochang tombstone brick" or "Gaochang epitaph","Gaochang tombstone table".Tomb brick writing time was from the Southern and Northern dynasties,Sui Dynasty to the mid-Tang Dynasty.The scope of this study is Gaochang Tomb bricks in the period of Gao Chang kingdom(460-640).The time unearthed at present is from Gao Changzhang and seven years(537)to Gaochang’s seventeen years(640).This paper mainly analyzes and combs the Gaochang tombstone brick which has graphic data at present,summarizes its characteristics and analyzes the causes of its characteristics from calligraphy ontology,culture and history.From the plate data,Gaochang tombs are obviously influenced by the style of calligraphy in different regions.On this point,Zhang Tongyin,Cui Shuqiang’s Gaochang Tomb Brick Calligraphy,Li Zu-chu’s Study on the Unearthed Calligraphy in the Period of Gao Changguo in Turpan,are all discussed,but there is a lack of more in-depth argumentation in view of many of the details.For example,why are Gaochang tombstone bricks affected by the Northern Wei Dynasty’s calligraphic style almost all have the "oblique cut-ting angle" in the horizontal fold,and Wei tablet is not all have this kind of way? Why would there appear tomb brick calligraphic style similar to Zhiyong’s "Thousand Words" style? Most of the unearthed Gaochang tombs are influenced by the style of the Northern Wei Dynasty.Why are there so few Gaochang tomb bricks affected by the "Northern Liang Calligraphic System" and the Southern Dynasty’s calligraphic style?This paper is divided into four chapters.The first three chapters mainly analyze the regional style of calligraphy in the tomb bricks of the period of Gao Chang Kingdom,and through the history of Gao Chang Kingdom to find out why this kind of calligraphic style arises.The fourth chapter is a summary,on the whole,the evolution of calligraphic style and the overall style characteristics of Gaochang area.The first chapter is about the influence of Northern Liang Calligraphic System on Gaochang tombs.First of all,the exiled regime of Northern Liang Kingdom and the unearthed tomb brick books in this period lead to the difference between the popular calligraphic system and the inscription stone calligraphy.Then the definition of "Northern Liang Calligraphic System" and its causes are analyzed.Finally,the gravestone bricks of Gao Chang Kingdom was affected by "Northern Liang Calligraphic System" in the period of Gao Changguo are listed,and the calligraphy style is analyzed according to their calligraphy tracks.The second chapter mainly discusses the influence of Northern Wei style onGaochang tombs.The calligraphic style mainly appeared in the period of Gaochang,the most important reason is the political pro-Northern Wei Dynasty,which is corroborated by the history of Gao Chang.The writer also found an important feature when carding Gaochang tombs influenced by the style of Northern Wei Dynasty.Almost all of these tombs have a cross-fold style of "oblique cutting angle",but not all of them have this feature.At present,there is no in-depth research on this point.After that,this kind of tomb brick is classified according to the different characteristics of its structure,and the rule of structure evolution is combed out.Finally,aiming at the problem of Wei tablet writing,this paper compares the calligraphy of Gaochang tombstone brick and Wei tablet,and draws a conclusion that the Northern Wei Dynasty carver truly reflects the Wei tablet writing method.The third chapter mainly discusses the influence of the calligraphic style on Gaochang Tomb bricks in the Southern Dynasty.In the period of Gao Chang Kingdom,the most noteworthy is a batch of tomb brick books similar to Zhiyong’s Thousand Words.The author finds some clues in the history of Gaochang.According to the analysis and comparison of historical facts and writing methods,this part of the tomb table of Gaochang and Zhou Xingshi of Liang Dynasty is proved to be related to the conjecture that this part of the tombstone is related to Zhou Xingshi’s Wang Xizhi’s Thousand Words.The fourth chapter combs the evolution of the calligraphic style in the period of Gao Chang Kingdom and summarizes its characteristics.The conclusion is that after carding out the calligraphy of Gao Chang Kingdom period,the introduction and change of its calligraphic styles are almost accompanied by political activities,and those in power are determined to communicate with them which regime they want to subordinate to,and pay tribute in order to obtain the introduction of their culture.The regime’s then popular calligraphic style was followed by a follow-up.There are two characteristics of the calligraphic style of Gaochang Tomb in the period of Gao Chang Kingdom:1.Disunity,2.Writing freedom is relatively strong. |
