The Role Of Neuromedin U And Type 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells In The Pathogenesis Of Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps

Objective:NMU is a highly conserved 33 amino-acid peptide secreted by cholinergic neurons.Some researches indicated that neuromedin U(NMU)can affect allergic inflammation by modulating the function of the immune cell.Group 2 innate lymphoid cells(ILC2s)represent a recently discovered cell population which has been implicated in driving Th2 inflammation.However,their relationship with clinical disease has yet to be investigated.The aim of this study was to identify ILC2 s and NMU in eosinophilic nasal polyps,non-eosinophilic nasal polyps and controls,and to compare ILC2 s across characteristics in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.Methods:Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescenceanalysis were used to quantify the ILC2 s and NMU in tissues from 20 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp(CRSwNP)and 10 controls.Under hematoxylin-eosin staining,the patients were divided into two groups as ECRSwNP and non-ECRSwNP based on eosinophil counts.The quantification of NMU?IL-5 and IL-13 levels was done by using ELISA,and the datas were allalyzed using SPSS21.0.Here we observe that the co-localization between ILC2 s,NMU and cholinergic neurons(SNAP25+)in the nasal mucosa.Results:1.ILC2 s and NMU were found in nasal polyps and mucous membranes by immunofluorescence technique.2.The result of ELISA: the expression of NMU in ECRSwNP group were significantly higher than non-ECRSwNP group and controls((711.58±49.87)vs(104.21±25.64),(711.58±49.87)vs(354.40±24.96),P<0.05).There was significant difference between NMU frequencies in non-ECRSwNP and controls[(104.21±25.64)?(354.40±24.96),P<0.05].It is consistent with the result of Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescenceanalysis.The expression of IL-5?IL-13 in ECRSwNP group were significantly higher than non-ECRSwNP group and controls.3.Here we observed that the co-localization between ILC2 s,NMU and cholinergic neurons(SNAP25+)in the nasal mucosa.Conclusion:NMU and ILC2 s are elevated in ECRSwNP,and ILC2 s in the nasal mucosa co-localize with cholinergic neurons that express the NMU,suggesting that NMU and ILC2 s play an important role in the pathogenesis of ECRSwNP.