| Objective:Comprehensive nutritional intervention was carried out for the female students with mild iron deficiency anemia,the effect of intervention measures was studied,and the nutritional intervention mode for adolescent female students with mild iron deficiency anemia was explored.Methods: From weifang nursing vocational college entrance examination in September of 2015 female students,choose 232 patients diagnosed with mild iron deficiency anemia of girl as the research object,USES the KAP(knowledge a attitude toward a behavior)investigation,comparative analysis of the nutrition intervention before and after their nutritional knowledge,nutritional attitudes and dietary behavior and way of life;Dietary structure and nutrient intake before and after nutritional intervention were compared.They were given physical examinations to analyse improvements in their nutritional status;Blood routine and serum examination were used to analyze the changes of anemia related indexes before and after nutritional intervention.Results:(1)The average score of nutritional knowledge of anaemic girls was 16.64±6.35 before and 24.87±5.80 after the intervention,with significant difference(t=11.127,P < 0.01).After the intervention,their cognitive accuracy of related food was higher than that before the intervention,and the difference before and after the intervention was significant.After nutritional intervention,the proportion of unhealthy eating habits and healthy behaviors decreased significantly(P < 0.05).Chi-square test showed significant differences in breakfast ranking and breakfast frequency before and after intervention(P < 0.01).After the nutrition intervention,the proportion of anaemic girls who "eat breakfast every day" increased by 15.08%,while the proportion who "never eat breakfast" decreased by 4.74%.(2)The mean intake of pig iron in anaemic women was 18.16±4.70 mg before the nutritional intervention,and 23.97 ± 4.87 mg after the intervention,which exceeded the recommended intake level of the Chinese society of nutrition(RNI)(P < 0.05).Before the nutritional intervention,the intake of energy,vitamin B1,vitamin B2,zinc,vitamin A,vitamin B12 and folic acid in anaemic girls was insufficient,and the intake after the intervention was significantly higher than that before the intervention(P < 0.05).Protein intake was 75.39±17.52 g,higher than RNI level,with significant difference(P < 0.01).The intake of animal protein and heme iron increased significantly after nutritional intervention compared with that before intervention(P < 0.01).(3)Before and after nutritional intervention,intake of milk,products and fruits in anaemic girls was lower than RNI,while intake of oil was higher than RNI;After the intervention,the intake of poultry meat,soybean and nuts exceeded the RNI level,with a significant difference(P < 0.01).After the intervention,egg intake exceeded RNI level,and the difference before and after the intervention was significant(P < 0.05).Before and after the intervention,the intake of aquatic products did not reach RNI level,but significantly increased after the intervention(P < 0.05).(4)After nutritional intervention,the energy distribution ratio of each meal in anaemic girls was more reasonable,and the energy supply for breakfast before intervention was 22.95 ± 6.34% on average,which was generally lower,and significantly increased after intervention(P < 0.05).Before intervention,the energy supply by adding meal was 11.05±3.19% on average,which was generally higher,but significantly lower after intervention(P < 0.01).The fat-energy supply ratio before and after nutritional intervention was on the high side,with no significant difference(P> 0.05).Before intervention,the average protein energy supply ratio was 11.09±3.62%,which increased significantly after intervention(P < 0.05).Compared with before intervention,the energy supply of the three major energy-producing nutrients was more appropriate after intervention.(5)After nutrition intervention,the nutritional status of anaemic girls was significantly improved.Chi-square test results showed that there were statistically significant differences in the rates of underweight,normal weight,overweight and obesity(P < 0.01).The underweight rate decreased by 14.66 percent and the normal weight rate increased by 15.09 percent.(6)After nutritional intervention,RBC,HGB,HCT,MCV,MCH and MCHC were all on the rise,and rdcw-cv was lower than before intervention.HGB,MCV and MCHC were significantly increased after intervention(P < 0.05).After intervention,the number of patients with HGB,HCT,MCV,MCH,MCHC and rdv-cv in the normal range increased by 17.32%,11.37%,16.50%,13.94%,18.19% and 2.54%,respectively,compared with those before intervention.Serological test results showed that serum ferritin in anaemic girls increased significantly after intervention compared with before intervention(P < 0.05).Conclusion:Before nutrition intervention,anaemic schoolgirls exist a lot of meal behavior and life style are unreasonable problem commonly,nutrition condition is poorer,brought about the occurrence of iron deficiency sex anaemia.After a year and a half of nutrition intervention,anemia girls know a letter line have undergone significant changes;The intake of various nutrients basically meets the needs,and the food intake,energy supply ratio of the three major nutrients and the distribution of three meals are more reasonable.Their nutritional status was significantly improved;The intervention program has a positive effect on the parameters of erythrocyte series and the normal distribution of serum ferritin in the peripheral blood of anaemic girls,and has effectively improved the mild iron-deficiency anemia in vocational college girls. |
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