The Study Of The Combination Of Medical Care And Pension Service In Chinese Pension Institutions

In 2016,The population reached 40.63 million,of which more than 90%said that they are suffering from chronic diseases.Under the trend of declining birthrate and miniaturization of family size,the need for medical and health care for disabled and semi-disabled elderly people cannot be satisfied,making more and more disabled elderly people choose to stay in the pension institutions.However,the traditional pension institutions only provide daily living services,such as daily care.When the elderly are sick,they have to travel to and from the pension institutions and hospitals many times.For those with chronic diseases and disabled seniors,they can only live in hospitals all year round.Getting enough medical services often leads to "bedding" in hospitals.Therefore,providing pension and medical services in the pension institutions is a new trend in the future development of old-age care.In 2013,the State Council issued the document named"Several Opinions on Accelerating the Development of the Aged Care Service Industry",clearly proposing the development of a new model of "Combination of medical care and pension" for the aged care service.In 2016,the Ministry of Civil Affairs has designated more than 90 areas(districts)as pilot to start the Combination of medical care and pension.Among them,Wuhan Jianghan District Social Welfare Institute set up Fuhui Hospital to provide medical and nursing services for the elderly.Beijing Cuncao Chunhui Pension Agency cooperated with many medical institutions to build a three-level medical security system to meet the needs of the elderly.They all achieved remarkable results.By using the literature analysis method,this paper divides the pension institutions of the pilot areas into public and private types according to the different operating subjects,and chooses the Social Welfare Institute of Wuhan Jianghan District and the CuncaoChunhui Home for the Aged of Beijing as examples to analyze,we can find that there are some common problems:the government-sponsored medical and health integration policy only points out the development direction and lacks specific operational rules;the implementation process lacks the supervision mechanism for the old-age care institutions;the power and responsibility of multi-department management are not clear;the number of nursing staff in the old-age institutions is insufficient,and the lack of professional medical nursing knowledge leads to medical care.The personality problems of public pension institutions include:the institution scale is limited by government.imbalance of revenue and expenditure affects the quality of service and so on.The personality problems of private pension institutions include:It lack of enough financial support in the operation of pension institutions;It lack of medical insurance reimbursement qualification.All these factors hinder the process of the Combination of Medical Care and Pension Service implementation.In view of this situation,this paper puts forward the countermeasures for the common problems.First,it is necessary to clarify the specific service contents.We should to standardize the standards for the provision of medical care combined services;Second,it is necessary to strengthen the implementation of supervision and management responsibilities,in order to ensure the implementation process of the policy.Third,We should to establish a third-party cooperation mechanism to integrate the medical and pension resources.Fourth,it is important to change the social recognition of pension services through the media.We can encourage specialist people of gerontology to invest in the elderly care.For the personality problems of public pension institutions,we put forward the countermeasure include:First,To increase financial funds input to social pension providers;Second,We can establish a motivate mechanism to improve the service quality.The countermeasures for the personality problems of private pension institutions are as follows:First,To establish a diversified financing mechanism for the old-age services.Second,To relax the qualifications of fixed point reimbursement of medical insurance.